Devolution, Recession and the Alleviation of Inequality in Wales

From evidence to action: Applying gender mainstreaming to pay gaps in the Welsh public sector

“…These organizations were selected on the basis that they represented variation across the public sector — there are 22 local authorities in Wales, seven local health boards and 10 universities serving a resident population of 3 million — and all were subject to the Welsh duty as responsibility for local government, health and education is devolved to the Welsh Government. The geographical location of the case studies was determined by EU structural fund criteria so two case studies were based in the South Wales Valleys and one in West Wales — areas still impacted by the deindustrialization of the 1970s and 1980s and characterized by high levels of unemployment and poverty, the loss of physical and human capital, and minimal employment opportunities (Davies & Parken, ). This is illustrated by the gross value added per head of population in Wales, which was 70 per cent of the UK average in 2015 and just 60 per cent of the UK average in West Wales and the Valleys (ONS, , cited in Davies & Parken, ).…”

“…The geographical location of the case studies was determined by EU structural fund criteria so two case studies were based in the South Wales Valleys and one in West Wales — areas still impacted by the deindustrialization of the 1970s and 1980s and characterized by high levels of unemployment and poverty, the loss of physical and human capital, and minimal employment opportunities (Davies & Parken, ). This is illustrated by the gross value added per head of population in Wales, which was 70 per cent of the UK average in 2015 and just 60 per cent of the UK average in West Wales and the Valleys (ONS, , cited in Davies & Parken, ). In addition, Wales demonstrates a lower proportion of economic activity in the private sector, a higher proportion of jobs requiring low qualifications, more prevalent gender segregation and lower average earnings compared to other parts of the UK (Felstead et al, ).…”

“…a Adapted from Eden and Huxham (1996). (Davies & Parken, 2017). This is illustrated by the gross value added per head of population in Wales, which was 70 per cent of the UK average in 2015 and just 60 per cent of the UK average in West Wales and the Valleys (ONS, 2016, cited in Davies & Parken, 2017).…”

“…(Davies & Parken, 2017). This is illustrated by the gross value added per head of population in Wales, which was 70 per cent of the UK average in 2015 and just 60 per cent of the UK average in West Wales and the Valleys (ONS, 2016, cited in Davies & Parken, 2017). In addition, Wales demonstrates a lower proportion of economic activity in the private sector, a higher proportion of jobs requiring low qualifications, more prevalent gender segregation and lower average earnings compared to other parts of the UK (Felstead et al, 2013).…”