Diabetes mellitus in primary and secondary schools in Africa: an exploratory review

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is currently reported to be on the increase in the school environment among teachers and students in Africa. This review highlighted the current state of DM in primary and secondary schools in Africa. Methods: The review assessed critical literature on African Journals Online, Google Scholar search, PubMed, Medline, and Science Direct as well as information available about DM in the Africa continent. Relevant search terms included prevalence of DM in primary schools, the prevalence of DM in secondary schools, prevalence of DM among teachers and students, knowledge of DM among teachers and students, risk factors of DM among teachers and students in Africa. Results: The review highlighted the prevalence of T2DM among teachers, while prediabetes and T1DM were reported among students. Furthermore, only two studies were identified to assessing knowledge of DM among teachers while few studies reported poor knowledge of DM among students. Conclusion: The issue of DM in both primary and secondary schools should be given the needed attention by the concerned stakeholders. This is because of the possible escalation of T1DM and T2DM within the school environment in Africa in the nearest future.

Better Together: acceptability, feasibility and preliminary impact of chronic illness peer support groups for South African adolescents and young adults

“…Chronic illness, including HIV, is a leading risk factor for depression and other psychological disorders in youth [5,[8][9][10][11], with young people with chronic conditions feeling isolated and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jia2.26148/full | https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26148 misunderstood by their healthy peers [12][13][14][15]. As demonstrated in the HIV and AIDS literature, feelings of social isolation are further compounded by reduced access to care [16,17] and disease-related stigma [18,19], which can undermine treatment adherence [5,12,16,[20][21][22][23][24] and contribute to poorer outcomes [12,14,16,[25][26][27][28].…”

The Effect of Intermittent Fasting and Caloric Restricted Diet on Diabetic Rats

“…Diabetes mellitus is reported to impact more than 100 million individuals worldwide and is one of the world's top five causes of death (Otovwe and Akpojubaro, 2020). Diabetes is a serious, long-term condition with a major impact on the lives and well-being of individuals, families, and societies worldwide (Saeedi et al, 2019).…”

Intermittent fasting and exercise therapy abates STZ‐induced diabetotoxicity in rats through modulation of adipocytokines hormone, oxidative glucose metabolic, and glycolytic pathway

“…Fasting hyperglycemia decreased insulin secretion, and insulin receptor insensitivity are all symptoms of diabetes mellitus, a metabolic condition (Hudish et al, 2019 ). Diabetes mellitus is reported to impact more than 100 million individuals worldwide and is one of the world's top five causes of death (Otovwe & Akpojubaro, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2019 ). Persistent hyperglycemia in diabetics has been shown to generate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in many organs by glucose auto‐oxidation and/or protein glycation (Saddala et al, 2013 ).…”