Diabetes-Related Symptom Distress in Association With Glucose Metabolism and Comorbidity

Abstract

OBJECTIVE -The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between diabetesrelated symptom distress, glucose metabolism status, and comorbidities of type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -This was a cross-sectional sample of 281 individuals with normal glucose metabolism (NGM), 181 individuals with impaired glucose metabolism (IGM), and 107 subjects with type 2 diabetes. We used the revised type 2 Diabetes Symptom Checklist (DSC-R) to assess diabetes-related symptom distress.RESULTS -The total symptom distress score (range 0 -100) was relatively low for diabetic subjects (mean Ϯ SD 8.4 Ϯ 9.4), although it was significantly different from that for subjects with IGM (6.5 Ϯ 7.1) and NGM (6.1 Ϯ 7.9) (F ϭ 3.1, 2 d.f., P ϭ 0.046). Ischemic heart disease was associated with elevated DSC-R scores on three subscales, whereas depression showed higher symptom distress levels across all DSC-R domains.CONCLUSIONS -Worsening glucose metabolism is associated with increasing diabetesrelated symptom distress. This relationship is attenuated by ischemic heart disease and particularly by depression.

Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs Second Study (DAWN2): Understanding Diabetes-Related Psychosocial Outcomes for Canadians with Diabetes

“…Diabetes distress is a construct in which the emotional burden is linked to the experience of living with diabetes (24,25). It can be assessed using the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) (26) or the Diabetes Distress Scale (27).…”

Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Estrés para Diabéticos En una Muestra de Pacientes Diabéticos Tipo II Chilenos

“…En efecto, diversos estudios reportan moderados a altos niveles de estrés en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 (Delahanty et al, 2007;West y McDowell, 2002). Se han reportado asociaciones significativas entre estrés y control metabólico (HbA1c) en pacientes diabéticos (Adriaanse et al, 2008;Fisher et al, 2009;Fisher et al, 2008;Ortiz, Ortiz, Gomez, y Gatica, 2011). Asimismo, la relación entre estrés crónico y la activación persistente del eje adrenérgico hipotalámico pituitario, generan una cascada de eventos fisiológicos que finalmente conllevan la liberación de glucocorticoides y por tanto, elevación de niveles de glicemia (Miller, Chen, y Zhou, 2007;Sapolsky, Romero, y Munck, 2000).…”

Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Social Support in Adults with Diabetes: Comparing Directionality Hypotheses with a Longitudinal Cohort

“…Among people with diabetes, elevated depressive symptoms are associated with poorer quality of life and selfcare [9][10][11][12] and increased morbidity [13,14]. Social support involves psychological and material resources that are provided by others and intended to improve one's ability to cope with stress [15].…”