Diagnosis of obesity and use of obesity biomarkers in science and clinical medicine

Nimptsch, Katharina; Konigorski, Stefan; Pischon, Tobias

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2018.12.006

Cited by 221 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…In a metaanalysis of prospective cohort studies, higher fasting insulin concentrations were associated with higher risk of hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD) but not with stroke. C-peptide has been shown to predict total and cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetic individuals better than other measures of IR including fasting insulin, blood glucose and the HOMA-IR [88]. The biochemical parameters mentioned should be useful to characterize the childhood condition, to evaluate the risk of the disease and also follow-up the pathology progression.…”

Section: Biochemical Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood obesity: an overview of laboratory medicine, exercise and microbiome

Scudiero

Pero

Ranieri

et al. 2019

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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In the last few years, a significant increase of childhood obesity incidence unequally distributed within countries and population groups has been observed, thus representing an important public health problem associated with several health and social consequences. Obese children have more than a 50% probability of becoming obese adults, and to develop pathologies typical of obese adults, that include type 2-diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Also environmental factors, such as reduced physical activity and increased sedentary activities, may also result in increased caloric intake and/or decreased caloric expenditure. In the present review, we aimed to identify and describe a specific panel of parameters in order to evaluate and characterize the childhood obesity status useful in setting up a preventive diagnostic approach directed at improving health-related behaviors and identifying predisposing risk factors. An early identification of risk factors for childhood obesity could definitely help in setting up adequate and specific clinical treatments.

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Section: Biochemical Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood obesity: an overview of laboratory medicine, exercise and microbiome

Scudiero

Pero

Ranieri

et al. 2019

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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“…T2D is a disease met with increased fasting glycaemia due to glucose intolerance and ineffective insulin secretion or signaling. The mechanisms of insulin deficiency are beyond the scope of this review; however, the resulting insulin-resistant state has consequences both systemically and at the tissue level, thus altering the subject's metabolic status [3]. IR is a feature characteristic of early-onset T2D and may occur in the principal calory repositories including the adipose tissue (AT), skeletal muscle and liver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rewiring of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity: Impact on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes

Dahik

Frisdal

Goff

2020

IJMS

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Obesity and its two major comorbidities, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, represent worldwide health issues whose incidence is predicted to steadily rise in the coming years. Obesity is characterized by an accumulation of fat in metabolic tissues resulting in chronic inflammation. It is now largely accepted that adipose tissue inflammation underlies the etiology of these disorders. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) represent the most enriched immune fraction in hypertrophic, chronically inflamed adipose tissue, and these cells play a key role in diet-induced type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. ATMs are triggered by the continuous influx of dietary lipids, among other stimuli; however, how these lipids metabolically activate ATM depends on their nature, composition and localization. This review will discuss the fate and molecular programs elicited within obese ATMs by both exogenous and endogenous lipids, as they mediate the inflammatory response and promote or hamper the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

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“…Therefore, resistin, a hormone linked to insulin resistance, behaves like insulinin prediabetic state, with compensatory increase and, eventually, a drop when beta-cell exhaustion has occurred. Higher resistin concentrations have been reported to be associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among patients with CVD or diabetes [17]. In prediabetics, data are almost lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide hormones and risk for future cardiovascular events among prediabetics: a 20-year follow-up in the OPERA study

et al. 2020

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Background: Prediabetes has proven to have many unfavourable impacts on the cardiovascular system. Methods: The OPERA (Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis) study included 1045 middle-aged subjects followed from the years 1990-1993 to 2014. The focus was on peptide hormones. Results: Plasma resistin levels were higher among prediabetics (p ¼ .001), particularly impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (p < .001), but not impaired fasting glucose (IFG) patients than among normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or diabetes groups. Diabetics showed lower resistin levels than IGT subjects (p < .001). IGT or diabetes groups showed lower adiponectin and higher leptin levels compared to the NGT group (p < .001). The IFG group had the highest blood pressure and left ventricular mass index, even higher than the diabetic group. Diabetics had the highest, prediabetics (IFG þ IGT) intermediate and NGT the lowest risk for CVD events during follow-up (p < .001). Among prediabetics, high plasma ghrelin was an independent predictor of CVD events (p < .05) in the Cox regression analysis although it did not significantly improve either classification or discrimination of the patients. Conclusions: Among glucose tolerance groups, patients with IGT had the highest resistin, but equally high leptin and low adiponectin levels as diabetics. Among prediabetics, ghrelin seems to predict independently cardiovascular events in the long term. KEY MESSAGE Among glucose tolerance groups, patients with IGT had the highest resistin, but equally high leptin and low adiponectin levels as diabetics. Among prediabetics, ghrelin seems to predict independently cardiovascular events in the long term.

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Diagnosis of obesity and use of obesity biomarkers in science and clinical medicine

Cited by 221 publications

References 138 publications

Childhood obesity: an overview of laboratory medicine, exercise and microbiome

Childhood obesity: an overview of laboratory medicine, exercise and microbiome

Rewiring of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity: Impact on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes

Peptide hormones and risk for future cardiovascular events among prediabetics: a 20-year follow-up in the OPERA study

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