Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton crossing waveguides using multimode interference

Ota, Masahiro; Fukuhara, Minoru; Sumimura, Asahi; Ito, Motoki; Aihara, Takuma; Ishii, Yuya; Fukuda, Mitsuo

doi:10.1364/ol.40.002269

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the design of the half adder, the plasmonic MMI structures should be compact to achieve a low insertion loss when considering the influence of propagation losses based on Joule heating of SPPs 21 22 , as mentioned above. Hence, plasmonic MMI waveguides have a narrow width which includes a few guided modes 23 24 25 , and the phase shift of the 1 × 1 MMI and 2 × 2 MMI are easily determined by the waveguide widths.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmonic-multimode-interference-based logic circuit with simple phase adjustment

Ota

Sumimura

Fukuhara

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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All-optical logic circuits using surface plasmon polaritons have a potential for high-speed information processing with high-density integration beyond the diffraction limit of propagating light. However, a number of logic gates that can be cascaded is limited by complicated signal phase adjustment. In this study, we demonstrate a half-adder operation with simple phase adjustment using plasmonic multimode interference (MMI) devices, composed of dielectric stripes on a metal film, which can be fabricated by a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)-compatible process. Also, simultaneous operations of XOR and AND gates are substantiated experimentally by combining 1 × 1 MMI based phase adjusters and 2 × 2 MMI based intensity modulators. An experimental on-off ratio of at least 4.3 dB is confirmed using scanning near-field optical microscopy. The proposed structure will contribute to high-density plasmonic circuits, fabricated by complementary MOS-compatible process or printing techniques.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPPs were generated via the gratings using the manner similar to that reported in ref. 23 , and the number of input SPPs was determined by comparing the results with and without the grating. In Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic-multimode-interference-based logic circuit with simple phase adjustment

Ota

Sumimura

Fukuhara

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…This component, which has already been reported in [24], eliminated the redundant SPPs through crossing waveguides [28] from the circuit of the full adder. Therefore, this is a key component for suppressing the noise caused by the interference between the redundant SPPs and the signal SPPs.…”

Section: Radiation Port Of Redundant Sppsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The phase change caused by inserting the MMI into a single-mode waveguide (i.e., phase difference between MMI and single-mode waveguide after propagating by the same length) was taken into consideration to exactly configure the phase of the C2 output port (hereafter, equivalent phase change of component). The multimode waveguide was also used to shift the intensity distribution to suppress cross-talk at the crossing single-mode waveguides [28]. In this study, the structure in Fig.…”

Section: Logic Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Cascadable Plasmonic Full Adder

et al. 2019

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The concept and configuration of a plasmonic cascadable full adder are proposed, whose logic operation is carried out by interference of surface plasmons and whose circuits are formed only with single-and multiple-mode plasmonic waveguides. This full adder is fabricated by patterning a SiO 2 film deposited on a metal film using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-compatible processes except for the material of metal. The redundant surface plasmons present after interference are drained from the waveguides by forming radiation ports, and metal bumps are formed in the circuits to prevent stray light recoupling with the waveguides. The logic operation of the circuits is numerically confirmed by the three-dimensional finite-difference time domain method, and the difference in surface plasmon intensity between logic level "0" and "1" is numerically estimated to be 1.5 dB even for the worst case. These simulations were experimentally confirmed for some input signal patterns using scanning near-field microscopy, and the surface plasmon intensity distributions monitored coincide well with those simulated.

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“…The feasibility of a crossing plasmonic waveguide has been shown in Ref. [45]. At various crossing angles of single-mode waveguides, the insertion loss of the crossing waveguide was experimentally estimated to be approximately 1.5 dB, and the cross-talk of transmitted signals was experimentally obtained to be less than 7 dB in the 1300 nm wavelength band.…”

Section: B Circuit Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Feasibility of Plasmonic Circuits in Nanophotonics

et al. 2020

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The configuration of plasmonic circuits comprising SiO2-load waveguides and their characteristics within the nanophotonic range are presented and compared with electronic and lightwave circuits in 1300 and 1550 nm wavelength bands. In the nanophotonic range of less than 1 m, plasmonic signals propagate in narrow waveguides with cross-sections less than a few hundred square nanometers, while lightwaves exhibit only slight propagation in high-refractive-index (i.e., Si) waveguides owing to the transmission loss increase via the cut-off wavelength of the waveguide. Additionally, the plasmonic signal transmission loss is lower than that of electric signals for transmission lengths less than a few hundred micrometers. During signal transmission, a narrow spectral width of the plasmonic signals is needed to suppress any signal shape deformation induced by the frequency dependence of the collective oscillation of electrons in plasmonic signals. In the nanophotonic range, the degree of integration for plasmonic circuits is not governed by the transmission loss but by the leak distance of the plasmonic signal optical field from the side-walls of the waveguides and components. Employing a metal/insulator/metal structure in plasmonic circuits is a valid way to heighten the integration density, and its effectiveness is numerically and experimentally confirmed in a plasmonic multiplexer less than 1 m in length. On the basis of these results, the feasibility of plasmonic circuits is discussed and it can be said that plasmonic circuits including waveguides and components are promising photonic techniques for signal transmission in the nanophotonic range.INDEX TERMS Integrated circuit, Integrated optics, Integrated optoelectronics, Nanophotonics, Optical interconnection, Plasmonics, Surface plasmon polariton, Wavelength division multiplexing. I. INTRODUCTIONPhotonics has historically been used to support daily life of our society, and the techniques in the field are indispensable for constructing and maintaining societal infrastructure. These techniques require key photonic components whose scale and power consumption requirements are being reduced as technology advances. Recently, optical interconnects have begun to be used in silicon integrated circuits (ICs) to enhance the information processing speed and catch up with the explosive increase in information demand. The lightwave circuits of interconnects typically comprise silicon waveguides that possess a relatively high refractive index. In the range of less than sub-wavelength optics, however, photonic crystals and high-refractive-index waveguides using lightwaves as signals are physically difficult to apply to circuits [1].At such small scales, surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waveguides are effective for constructing nanophotonic circuits. Various kinds of plasmonic waveguides have been developed and reported, such as index waveguides [2]-[5], grooved waveguides [6], [7], hybrid waveguides [8]-[10], and metal/insulator/metal (MIM) structured waveguides [11]-[16]. These v...

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Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton crossing waveguides using multimode interference

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Plasmonic-multimode-interference-based logic circuit with simple phase adjustment

Plasmonic-multimode-interference-based logic circuit with simple phase adjustment

Feasibility of Cascadable Plasmonic Full Adder

Feasibility of Plasmonic Circuits in Nanophotonics

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