Dielectrophoresis of gold nanoparticles conjugated to DNA origami structures

Henning-Knechtel, Anja; Wiens, Matthew D.; Lakatos, M.; Heerwig, Andreas; Ostermaier, Frieder; Haufe, Nora; Mertig, Michael

doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.87

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The DNA origami nanostructures have become versatile building blocks in nanotechnology. − To expand their application and use them as moving parts in nanomachines, it is desirable to establish means to actuate them by external stimuli. − Given their high intrinsic negative charge, DNA origamis lend themselves for the manipulation by electric fields; however, although integration of origami components as functional elements in electro-mechanical devices bears an immense potential for novel applications, electrical actuation of origamis on surfaces has not been established.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrical Actuation of a DNA Origami Nanolever on an Electrode

et al. 2017

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Development of electrically powered DNA origami nanomachines requires effective means to actuate moving origami parts by externally applied electric fields. We demonstrate how origami nanolevers on an electrode can be manipulated (switched) at high frequency by alternating voltages. Orientation switching is long-time stable and can be induced by applying low voltages of 200 mV. The mechanical response time of a 100 nm long origami lever to an applied voltage step is less than 100 μs, allowing dynamic control of the induced motion. Moreover, through voltage assisted capture, origamis can be immobilized from folding solution without purification, even in the presence of excess staple strands. The results establish a way for interfacing and controlling DNA origamis with standard electronics, and enable their use as moving parts in electro-mechanical nanodevices.

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Electrical Actuation of a DNA Origami Nanolever on an Electrode

et al. 2017

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“…Alignment of fixed dipoles, for example the electrostatic dipoles of antibodies (37), or the magnetic dipoles of microfabricated helical swimmers (32,33) allow rotational symmetry to be broken. We neglect to draw schema field based dielectrophoretic methods which could potentially achieve arbitrary x,y control with intricate electrode patterns (34)(35)(36); however, orientation at small electrode gaps tends to be poorer than for large-scale uniform fields. (D) A combination of chemical differentiation (via e-beam activation) and flow alignment can achieve orientation (up to 180 • rotation) and some control over position (18).…”

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Absolute and arbitrary orientation of single molecule shapes

Gopinath¹,

Thachuk²,

Mitskovets³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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DNA origami is a modular platform for the combination of molecular and colloidal components to create optical, electronic, and biological devices. Integration of such nanoscale devices with microfabricated connectors and circuits is challenging: large numbers of freely diffusing devices must be fixed at desired locations with desired alignment. We present a DNA origami molecule whose energy landscape on lithographic binding sites has a unique maximum. This property enables device alignment within 3.2 • on SiO 2 . Orientation is absolute (all degrees of freedom are specified) and arbitrary (every molecule's orientation is independently specified). The use of orientation to optimize device performance is shown by aligning fluorescent emission dipoles within microfabricated optical cavities. Large-scale integration is demonstrated via an array of 3,456 DNA origami with 12 distinct orientations, which indicates the polarization of excitation light.The sequential combination of solution-phase self-assembly (SPSA) and directed self-assembly (DSA) provides a general paradigm for the synthesis of nanoscale devices and their large-scale integration with control circuitry, microfluidics, or other conventionally-fabricated structures. SPSA for the creation of sub-lithographic devices via structural DNA nanotechnology (1) is relatively mature. In particular, typical DNA origami (2) allow up to 200 nanoscale components, including carbon nanotubes (3-5), metal nanoparticles (6, 7), fluorescent molecules (6-8), quantum dots (7, 9) and conductive polymers (10) to be simultaneously juxtaposed at 3-5 nm resolution within a 100 nm×70 nm DNA rectangle. DSA uses topographic (11,12) or chemical (13-26) patterning, fields (27-37), or flow (38-46) to control the higher order structure of molecules and particles. Well-developed for continuous block copolymers films (13, 14), spherical nanoparticles (11, 12), and linear nanostructures (16-22, 27-36, 38-46), DSA is less developed for origami-templated devices for which shape and symmetry play an important role in device function and integration. Two challenges arise in the DSA of orgami-templated devices. The first is analogous to the problem of absolute orientation (47) (Fig. 1A) in computational geometry: Given two Cartesian coordinate systems, what translation and rotation can transform the first to the second? Such transformations are key in computer vision and robotics, where they can be used to plan the motion of a virtual camera, or a robot arm. The physical analog for DSA asks: How can an asymmetric device in solution be positioned and aligned relative to a global reference frame in the laboratory? The second challenge is to achieve absolute orientation for many devices at once, such that the position and alignment of each device is arbitrary, i.e. independent of other devices (Fig. 1B). DNA origami placement (DOP) (24-26) is a potential solution to both challenges. In DOP the * Departments of 1 Bioengineering, 2 Computing & Mathematical Science,

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Trapping plasmonic nanoparticles with MHz electric fields

Harlaftis

Kos

Lin

et al. 2022

Applied Physics Letters

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Dielectrophoresis drives the motion of nanoparticles through the interaction of their induced dipoles with a non-uniform electric field. We experimentally observe rf dielectrophoresis on 100 nm diameter gold nanoparticles in a solution and show that for MHz frequencies, the nanoparticles can reversibly aggregate at electrode gaps. A frequency resonance is observed at which reversible trapping of gold nanoparticle “clouds” occurs in the gap center, producing almost a 1000-fold increase in density. Through accounting for gold cores surrounded by a conducting double layer ion shell, a simple model accounts for this reversibility. This suggests that substantial control over nanoparticle separation is possible, enabling the formation of equilibrium nanoarchitectures in specific locations.

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Dielectrophoresis of gold nanoparticles conjugated to DNA origami structures

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Electrical Actuation of a DNA Origami Nanolever on an Electrode

Electrical Actuation of a DNA Origami Nanolever on an Electrode

Absolute and arbitrary orientation of single molecule shapes

Trapping plasmonic nanoparticles with MHz electric fields

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