Dietary Intake of Adult Residents in Luxembourg Taking Part in Two Cross-Sectional Studies—ORISCAV-LUX (2007–2008) and ORISCAV-LUX 2 (2016–2017)

Vahid, Farhad; Brito, Alex; Coroller, Gwenaëlle Le; Vaillant, Michel; Samouda, Hanen; Bohn, Torsten; Group, On Behalf Of Oriscav Working

doi:10.3390/nu13124382

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Food items were chosen based on the frequency of consumption within Westernized diets and usability aspects regarding the experimental set-up and their expected contrasting pro-and antioxidant properties. Toward this end, we used data from two consecutive cross-sectional national surveys that were conducted in 2007–2008 and 2016–2017 that represent food consumption in Luxembourg [ 30 , 31 ]. The results of those studies [ 30 , 31 ] showed that dietary patterns in Luxembourg are becoming more Westernized in line with other European countries, including the intake of larger amounts of processed foods such as sausages, saturated fat, and high-sugar items such as white chocolate or soda.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Toward this end, we used data from two consecutive cross-sectional national surveys that were conducted in 2007–2008 and 2016–2017 that represent food consumption in Luxembourg [ 30 , 31 ]. The results of those studies [ 30 , 31 ] showed that dietary patterns in Luxembourg are becoming more Westernized in line with other European countries, including the intake of larger amounts of processed foods such as sausages, saturated fat, and high-sugar items such as white chocolate or soda. All food items were purchased from a local supermarket (Delhaize, Strassen, Luxembourg) and were used as sold (without further kitchen processes or other preparations).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pro- and Antioxidant Effect of Food Items and Matrices during Simulated In Vitro Digestion

Vahid

Wagener

Leners

et al. 2023

Foods

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The digestive tract can be considered a bioreactor. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during digestion may predispose for local and/or systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, e.g., inflammatory bowel diseases. Food items rich in antioxidants may prevent such aggravation. This investigation analyzed pro-and antioxidant patterns of food matrices/items following in vitro digestion. Gastrointestinal digestion reflecting typically consumed quantities was performed on nine food items (orange and tomato juice, soda, coffee, white chocolate, sausage, vitamin C and E, and curcumin) and their combinations (n = 24), using the INFOGEST model. Antioxidant potential was measured by FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS, and pro-oxidant aspects by MDA (malondialdehyde) and peroxide formation. An anti-pro-oxidant score was developed, combining the five assays. Liquid food items showed moderately high antioxidant values, except for coffee and orange juice, which exhibited a high antioxidant potential. Solid matrices, e.g., white chocolate and sausage, showed both high pro-oxidant (up to 22 mg/L MDA) and high antioxidant potential (up to 336 mg/L vitamin C equivalents) at the same time. Individual vitamins (C and E) at physiological levels (achievable from food items) showed a moderate antioxidant potential (<220 mg/L vitamin C equivalents). Overall, both antioxidant and pro-oxidant assays correlated well, with correlation coefficients of up to 0.894. The effects of food combinations were generally additive, i.e., non-synergistic, except for combinations with sausage, where strong quenching effects for MDA were observed, e.g., with orange juice. In conclusion, as especially highlighted by complex matrices demonstrating both pro- and antioxidant potential, only measuring one aspect would result in physiological misinterpretations. Therefore, it is imperative to employ a combination of assays to evaluate both pro- and antioxidant properties of food digesta to ensure physiological relevance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro- and Antioxidant Effect of Food Items and Matrices during Simulated In Vitro Digestion

Vahid

Wagener

Leners

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…This analysis is based on the national survey “Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Luxembourg (ORISCAV-LUX 2),” which is the second wave of a cross-sectional study, carried out between January 2016 and January 2018 to assess risk factors of CVD in the Luxembourgish adult population ( 27 ). In the original ORISCAV-LUX survey (2007–2008), n = 1,432 participants were included by a systematic random sampling procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 1,558 Luxembourg residents between the ages of 25 and 81 were recruited for the ORISCAV-LUX2 study ( 27 ). Of the 1,558 participants, 127 were excluded from the analysis due to missing FFQ information or missing data, 26 due to receiving extreme values of energy, and 1 due to age over 80 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High adherence to the Mediterranean diet and Alternative Healthy Eating Index are associated with reduced odds of metabolic syndrome and its components in participants of the ORISCAV-LUX2 study

2022

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BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic complications. Certain dietary patterns play a pivotal role in improving MetS components. The aim of this investigation was to study associations between the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and the odds of MetS and its components in adults living in Luxembourg.MethodsData from 1,404 adults participating in the cross-sectional ORISCAV-LUX2 study were analyzed by a self-reported questionnaire, anthropometric measures, a food frequency questionnaire (174 items), and blood/urine samples.ResultsA significant association of dietary indices and MetS was not found except when expressing MetS as a score (continuous variable, log-transformed), based on the weighting of compounds using exploratory factor analysis with the MDS (β = −0.118, 95% CI: −0.346, −0.120) and AHEI (β = −0.133, 95% CI: −0.059, −0.019). Fully adjusted linear regression models further showed significant inverse associations between components of MetS and MDS (all as log-transformed variables), including body mass index (BMI) (β = −0.0067, 95% CI: −0.0099, −0.0036), waist-circumference (WC) (β = −0.0048, 95% CI: −0.0072, −0.0024), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β = −0.0038, 95% CI: −0.0061, −0.0016), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (β = −0.0035, 95% CI: −0.0060, −0.0009). Similarly, significant inverse associations between AHEI and components of MetS (log-transformed) included BMI (β = −0.0001, 95% CI: −0.0016, −0.0002), WC (β = −0.0007, 95% CI: −0.0011, −0.0002), SBP (β = −0.0006, 95% CI: −0.0010, −0.0002), and DBP (β = −0.0006, 95% CI: −0.0011, −0.0001).ConclusionHigher adherence to a Mediterranean diet and following healthy eating guidelines were associated with reduced odds of MetS and several of its components in Luxembourgish residents, highlighting that balanced and healthy eating patterns are a crucial cornerstone in the fight against MetS.

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Association of diet quality indices with serum and metabolic biomarkers in participants of the ORISCAV-LUX-2 study

et al. 2023

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Purpose Diet quality is a critical modifiable factor related to health, including the risk of cardiometabolic complications. Rather than assessing the intake of individual food items, it is more meaningful to examine overall dietary patterns. This study investigated the adherence to common dietary indices and their association with serum/metabolic parameters of disease risk. Methods Dietary intakes of the general adult population (n = 1404, 25–79 years) were assessed by a validated food-frequency questionnaire (174 items). The French ANSES-Ciqual food composition database was used to compute nutrient intakes. Seven indicators were calculated to investigate participants’ diet quality: the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Score (DASH-S), Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI), and Naturally Nutrient-Rich Score (NNRS). Various serum/metabolic parameters were used in the validity and association analyses, including markers of inflammation, blood glucose, and blood lipid status. Results Following linear regression models adjusted for confounders, the DASH-S was significantly associated with most metabolic parameters (14, e.g., inversely with blood pressure, triglycerides, urinary sodium, uric acid, and positively with serum vitamin D), followed by the DQI-I (13, e.g., total cholesterol, apo-A/B, uric acid, and blood pressure) and the AHEI (11, e.g., apo-A, uric acid, serum vitamin D, diastolic blood pressure and vascular age). Conclusion Food-group-based indices, including DASH-S, DQI-I, and AHEI, were good predictors for serum/metabolic parameters, while nutrient-based indices, such as the DAI or NNRS, were less related to biological markers and, thus, less suitable to reflect diet quality in a general population.

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Dietary Intake of Adult Residents in Luxembourg Taking Part in Two Cross-Sectional Studies—ORISCAV-LUX (2007–2008) and ORISCAV-LUX 2 (2016–2017)

Cited by 9 publications

References 67 publications

Pro- and Antioxidant Effect of Food Items and Matrices during Simulated In Vitro Digestion

Pro- and Antioxidant Effect of Food Items and Matrices during Simulated In Vitro Digestion

High adherence to the Mediterranean diet and Alternative Healthy Eating Index are associated with reduced odds of metabolic syndrome and its components in participants of the ORISCAV-LUX2 study

Association of diet quality indices with serum and metabolic biomarkers in participants of the ORISCAV-LUX-2 study

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