Dietary supplementation with Chlorella peruviana improve the growth and innate immune response of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fingerlings

Arteaga, Caren; Astocondor, Mauro Mariano; Aquino-Ortega, Ronald

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736117

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Chlorella sp. has always been a better supplement for sh ngerlings in terms of survival, growth, innate immunity, and hematological markers [33]. The ndings show that Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Probiotic enrichment of copepod (Acanthocyclops sp.) towards improving fish survival, nutritional content, optimal growth and sustainability

Husain

2024

Preprint

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The article illustrates a thorough examination of the importance of live feed culture in aquaculture, especially in nurseries. Live feed is essential for aquaculture's sustainable development and ensuring a steady supply of fry and fingerlings. After being washed in sterilized water, copepods were bio-enriched with probiotic bacterial isolates (KAF061, 124, & 135) and commercial probiotics. A phase-contrast microscopic analysis confirmed the bioenrichment of copepods. We assessed the nutritional composition of the live feed culture using proximate analysis, revealing a greater protein content in microalgae, copepods, rotifers, and artemia compared to commercial fish feed. Based on these findings, the probiotic-rich live feed culture has a lot of potential for improving the nutritional content of fish, mollusks, and crustaceans that are still larvae. This could lead to better growth and survival rates for fry and fingerlings. These findings have significant implications for long-term aquaculture practices in developing low-cost and ecologically acceptable live feed alternatives for growth and survival.

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“…Chlorella sp. has always been a better supplement for sh ngerlings in terms of survival, growth, innate immunity, and hematological markers [33]. The ndings show that Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Probiotic enrichment of copepod (Acanthocyclops sp.) towards improving fish survival, nutritional content, optimal growth and sustainability

Husain

2024

Preprint

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“…For example, adding methylmercury to the black rockfish diet promotes an active diet, whereas uptake of methylmercury chloride in black rockfish led to higher oxidative stress, which was reflected by significantly increased plasma SOD activity at all tested levels [49]. Some experiments have found that dietary Chlorella peruviana could improve the growth and innate immune response of the juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, which is beneficial in improving production efficiency and resisting bacterial infections [50]. Vaccination is also a useful approach to preventing diseases and is considered one of the most effective tools to combat bacterial and viral diseases, thereby enhancing the survival of fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli

Liu

You

Zeng

2023

Fishes

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Four pathogenic Vibrio species were isolated from three diseased black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli in Yantai, Shandong Province, China. The strains were identified based on physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequencing and named SF-2, SF-3, SF-5, and SF-6, respectively. SF-2 was Vibrio scophthalmi, SF-3 was V. harveyi, SF-5 was V. alginolyticus, and SF-6 was V. parahaemolyticus. This is the first time that V. scophthalmi was isolated from black rockfish. The present research shows that V. scophthalmi is a potential pathogen. Detection of virulence genes using polymerase chain reaction showed that SF-3, SF-5, and SF-6 carried FlaB; SF-5 and SF-6 carried TcpA; and SF-2, SF-5, and SF-6 carried ToxS. Tdh, Trh, Tlh, ToxR, and Zot were not detected. SF-3, SF-5, and SF-6 all had protease, gelatinase, lipase, and lecithinase. They were all intermediately sensitive to erythromycin, whereas SF-2, SF-5, and SF-6 were sensitive to spectinomycin, and SF-3 was sensitive to cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol. They were resistant to most antibiotics and multidrug resistance was obvious.

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“…Additionally, when the studies were examined, the effects of a single microalgae species on sh were generally examined. The individual impact of Chlorella (Chen et al, 2021;Jo Rivero, 2021;Quico et al, 2021) and Schizochytrium (Bélanger et al, 2021;Jo Rivero 2021;Lee et al, 2022) microalgae were studied in rainbow trout. However, our study investigates the combined effects of two different microalgal species on rainbow trout.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. Extracts, Individually and in Combination, on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, and Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout

KARATAŞ

2024

Preprint

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Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry requires nutritionally well-balanced and sustainable feed alternatives. Microalgae such as Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. have attracted attention for their potential usability in fish culture due to their growth-promoting and immune-stimulating properties. This study aimed to assess the impact of these microalgae extracts on the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and gene expression related to growth, digestion, antioxidant, and immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout, each weighing an average of 8.92±0.04 g, were randomly allocated into 12 fiberglass tanks, with 15 fish per tank. The study comprised four treatments, including a control group (K) and experimental groups fed with 0.5% Chlorella (CH), 0.5% Schizochytrium (SC), and a combination of 0.25% Chlorella + 0.25% Schizochytrium (CH+SC) for 60 days. The results indicated that individual inclusion of Chlorella and Schizochytriumextracts up to 0.5% in the diet did not significantly affect growth performance and feed utilization. However, the combination of both microalgal extracts at the 0.5% level demonstrated significant improvements in all parameters. Notably, the expression level of the growth hormone (GH-I) gene was higher in the CH+SC and SC groups compared to the control group, indicating a potential impact on growth-related mechanisms. Regarding body composition, there were no significant differences in moisture, lipid, and ash among groups. However, fish fed the mixed treatment-supported diet exhibited high crude protein. Additionally, the expression of genes inducing digestive enzymes significantly increased in fish fed the mixed diet, suggesting enhanced digestive activity. Furthermore, the study revealed significant increases in the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes (SOD, CAT, GPx) in all experimental groups compared to the control group, indicating an improvement in antioxidant status. Immunological assessments demonstrated significant differences in the expression of immune-related genes among treatments. Adding algal extracts to the diet positively affected the expression of immune-related genes, such as LYZII, TNF-α, and IL-1β, suggesting enhanced immune responses. This work demonstrated a mixed diet containing Chlorella and Schizochytriumextracts positively influenced the growth performance of rainbow trout while enhancing digestive activity, immune responses, and antioxidant status. These findings support a combination of 0.25% Chlorella and 0.25% Schizochytriumin supplementary feed for rainbow trout in aquaculture practices. This research contributes valuable insights toward developing optimized aquafeeds for the aquaculture industry.

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Dietary supplementation with Chlorella peruviana improve the growth and innate immune response of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fingerlings

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Probiotic enrichment of copepod (Acanthocyclops sp.) towards improving fish survival, nutritional content, optimal growth and sustainability

Probiotic enrichment of copepod (Acanthocyclops sp.) towards improving fish survival, nutritional content, optimal growth and sustainability

Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli

Evaluating the Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. Extracts, Individually and in Combination, on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, and Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout

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