Dietary Supplementation with Nondigestible Oligosaccharides Reduces Allergic Symptoms and Supports Low Dose Oral Immunotherapy in a Peanut Allergy Mouse Model

Abstract

scFOS/lcFOS and scFOS/lcFOS combined with low dose OIT are able to protect against a peanut-allergic anaphylactic response.

Network-based approach for identifying suitable biomarkers for oral immunotherapy of food allergy

“…One of the most striking differences was that our data clearly indicates the role of SCFA in CMA, but not in PNA. Previously, we have shown that in PNA and CMA, increased levels of SCFA, specifically butyrate, coincided with allergy reduction [23,25]. These findings are confirmed in literature, where accumulating evidence indicates that SCFA have several anti-allergic properties by among others Treg induction and enhancement of the gut barrier function (as reviewed by [38]).…”

“…Moreover, in CMA, levels of fecal butyrate were increased in tolerant infants [41]. So even though we have observed that increased levels of SCFA coincided with an allergy reduction in both PNA and CMA using the dataset used in current analyses ( [23,25], we here show that the structure of how the experimental data are correlated with each other are different between the allergy models. This means that the relationship between the SCFA and the clinical outcomes in PNA a) is more indirect and/or b) occurs via different mechanisms or parameters which were not analyzed in the studies and/or c) is not essential for the outcome of the allergy, so the level of SCFA could be an epiphenomenon which is in contrast to the current opinion in literature as mentioned before.…”

“…Data were obtained from previously published studies describing experimental peanut allergy (PNA) and cow's milk allergy (CMA) models, in which female C3H/ HeOuJ mice were sensitized to the allergens and treated with/without OIT and fed a diet supplemented with/ without f scFOS/lcFOS [23,25]. The experimental procedures from these previously published murine studies were approved and conducted according to the guidelines determined by the Ethical Committee of Animal Research of Utrecht University (DEC2014.III.12.120 and AVD108002015212).…”

Mouse Models for Food Allergies: Where Do We Stand?

“…The most frequently used adjuvants for the establishment of food allergy models are cholera toxin (CT, [17,44,45,46]), staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB, [47]), aluminium hydroxide (alum, [41,48,49]), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, [50]).…”

“…Many of the published mouse food allergy models use cholera toxin to break oral tolerance towards co-applied allergens [16,40,45,46,51,55,56]. For example, Sun et al reported a mouse model in which C57BL/6 mice were sensitized against peanut protein by four times i.p.…”