Dietary Threonine Requirement Of Indian Major Carp, Cirrhinus Mrigala (Hamilton), Juveniles

Varghese, T. J.; Benakappa, S.

doi:10.46989/001c.20326

Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh

2002

DOI: 10.46989/001c.20326

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Dietary Threonine Requirement Of Indian Major Carp, Cirrhinus Mrigala (Hamilton), Juveniles

T. J. Varghese¹,

S. Benakappa²

Abstract: As from January 2010 The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh (IJA) will be published exclusively as an on-line Open Access (OA) quarterly accessible by all AquacultureHub (http://www.aquaculturehub.org) members and registered individuals and institutions. Please visit our website (http://siamb.org.il) for free registration form, further information and instructions. This transformation from a subscription printed version to an on-line OA journal, aims at supporting the concept that scientific peer-reviewed… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Isoleucine, leucine, and valine requirement of juvenile Indian major carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch, 1795)

Benakappa¹,

Varghese²

2003

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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Benakappa S., Varghese T.J., 2003. Isoleucine, leucine, and valine requirement of juvenile Indian major carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch, 1795). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 33 (2): 161-172.Background. Mrigal, Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch, 1795)(junior synonym C. mrigala), is one of the most widely cultured Indian major carps. The main aim of this study was to quantify the dietary isoleucine, leucine, and valine requirements of mrigal juveniles. Material and methods. Growth studies were conducted with juvenile mrigal to determine the minimal requirements for the branched-chain amino acids: isoleucine, leucine, and valine. The experimental diets were formulated from purified ingredients to contain 40% crude protein. Casein and gelatin served as protein sources and were supplemented with crystalline L -amino acids to provide an amino acid pattern found in mrigal muscle protein. The amino acids for which the requirements were being determined was were supplemented at varying levels. Dietary inclusion levels for isoleucine ranged from 0.88 to 1.45%, for leucine from 1.36 to 2.05%, and for valine from 1.23 to 1.75%. Results. The optimum dietary requirements for isoleucine, leucine, and valine for mrigal, estimated using break point analysis were 1.25%, 1.73%, and 1.55% of dry diet, respectively. These values correspond to 3.12% isoleucine, 4.33% leucine, and 3.87% valine when expressed as a percentage of dietary protein. Food conversion rate, specific growth rate, and survival were better in treatments with diets containing 1.25% for isoleucine, 1.73% for leucine, and 1.55% for valine. Conclusion. :Results of this study clearly demonstrated that Cirrhinus cirrhosus could utilize free amino acids for growth. Further, the findings would be useful in formulating isoleucine, leucine, and valine balanced diets in controlled production of mrigal.

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Isoleucine, leucine, and valine requirement of juvenile Indian major carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch, 1795)

Benakappa¹,

Varghese²

2003

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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Total Aromatic Amino Acid Requirement Of The Indian Major Carp, Cirrhinus Mrigala (Hamilton-Buchanan)

Varghese¹,

Benakappa²

2004

Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh

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Quantification of the essential amino acid requirements of a species is required for formulating optimal diets for cultivated fish. In this study, crystalline L-phenylalanine was used to determine the quantitative phenylalanine requirement of juvenile Cirrhinus mrigala. Test diets (40% crude protein) contained vitamin-free casein and gelatin supplemented with crystalline L-amino acids to provide an amino acid profile similar to C. mrigala muscle protein except for phenylalanine. Diets containing six graded levels of L-phenylalanine (0.80, 1.10,1.40, 1.70, 2.00 and 2.30%) and a fixed level of tyrosine (0.52%) were formulated and fed to triplicate groups of C. mrigala juveniles twice a day at a rate of 10% of the fish body weight per day for 56 days. The optimum dietary requirement for phenylalanine, estimated by breakpoint regression analysis, was 1.75% of the diet (4.38% of the dietary protein) or 2.27% of the total aromatic amino acid (5.68% of the dietary protein). Beyond the optimum level, phenylalanine significantly depressed growth. The best feed efficiency, specific growth rate and survival were obtained with the diet containing close to the optimum level of aromatic amino acid.

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Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity: Inhibitory study in patient of hepatitis

Talabani¹

2013

IOSR-JAC

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Elevation of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity has been implicated in many pathologies, and clinical inhibitors of GGT are under development for use in the treatment of liver ,cancer, bone, and other diseases. In this study we try to find other new inhibitor of GGT, we used new polar amino acid (threonine) as inhibitor ,kinetic studies provide insight into the mechanism of inhibition. New uncompetitive inhibitors of physiological GGT reaction we found, development of new inhibitors is essential for exploiting GGT as a therapeutic target. L-threonine, in the presence study was detected as uncompetitive inhibitor, Km values were determined; we characterized the kinetic properties of GGT under a standard set of condition. Serum GGT was analyzed in healthy cases (normal 25:mean±SD) age 30±12 years,(16.71±0.87), the mean values of GGT levels were statistically significantly higher in liver syndrome(70.79±1.24),and this values decreased in the presence of inhibitor to (60.82±0.87).

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Dietary Threonine Requirement Of Indian Major Carp, Cirrhinus Mrigala (Hamilton), Juveniles

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Isoleucine, leucine, and valine requirement of juvenile Indian major carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch, 1795)

Isoleucine, leucine, and valine requirement of juvenile Indian major carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch, 1795)

Total Aromatic Amino Acid Requirement Of The Indian Major Carp, Cirrhinus Mrigala (Hamilton-Buchanan)

Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity: Inhibitory study in patient of hepatitis

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