Differences in Amplified Fragment-Length Polymorphisms in Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Host Strains

McMichael, Margaret; Prowell, Dorothy

doi:10.1093/aesa/92.2.175

Cited by 91 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is known that genetic differences may evolve if the physiological adaptation of an insect to a certain host plant entails a decrease in performance on the alternative host (9). According to this principle, the rice strain of S. frugiperda is associated with rice plants, whereas the maize strain occurs in maize (17). The three S. frugiperda populations characterized here are associated with maize.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To date, the most common method for controlling this pest relies on the use of synthetic insecticides such as methomyl, carbaryl, and cypermethrin (10), in spite of the damage they cause to the environment and to nontarget organisms. Two distinct strains of S. frugiperda, one associated with maize and the other with rice, have been already identified in the United States (17,19). The detection and characterization of genetic diversity among insect populations is a critical issue for the improvement of pest management strategies, since the evolution of resistance to insecticides among insect populations is dependent on the frequency of resistant alleles, the inheritance of resistance, the relative fitness cost, and the gene flow.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Variability of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Populations from Latin America Is Associated with Variations in Susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxins

Monnerat

Martins

Queiroz

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from Latin American soil samples that showed toxicity against three Spodoptera frugiperda populations from different geographical areas (Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil) were characterized on the basis of their insecticidal activity, crystal morphology, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of parasporal crystals, plasmid profiles, and cry gene content. We found that the different S. frugiperda populations display different susceptibilities to the selected B. thuringiensis strains and also to pure preparations of Cry1B, Cry1C, and Cry1D toxins. Binding assays performed with pure toxin demonstrated that the differences in the toxin binding capacities of these insect populations correlated with the observed differences in susceptibility to the three Cry toxins analyzed. Finally, the genetic variability of the three insect populations was analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA-PCR, which showed significant genetic diversity among the three S. frugiperda populations analyzed. The data presented here show that the genetic variability of S. frugiperda populations should be carefully considered in the development of insect pest control strategies, including the deployment of genetically modified maize in different geographical regions.Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a worldwide pest of economic importance for different crops. This species has a highly polyphagous feeding behavior, which includes the consumption of different cultivated plants, such as maize (Zea mays L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and rice (Oryza sativa L.). To date, the most common method for controlling this pest relies on the use of synthetic insecticides such as methomyl, carbaryl, and cypermethrin (10), in spite of the damage they cause to the environment and to nontarget organisms. Two distinct strains of S. frugiperda, one associated with maize and the other with rice, have been already identified in the United States (17, 19). The detection and characterization of genetic diversity among insect populations is a critical issue for the improvement of pest management strategies, since the evolution of resistance to insecticides among insect populations is dependent on the frequency of resistant alleles, the inheritance of resistance, the relative fitness cost, and the gene flow.Bioinsecticides are viable alternatives for insect control in agriculture, and among them, Bacillus thuringiensis is the most widely used. B. thuringiensis is compatible with sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices. This bacterium produces insecticidal proteins (Cry protoxins) during sporulation as parasporal crystals, which are highly specific to their target insects; safe for humans, other vertebrates, and plants; and biodegradable (12). Moreover, recombinant DNA technology using cry genes has developed insect-resistant transgenic plants that are used extensively for cotton, corn, and rice production, among others (23).Information regarding the suscept...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variability of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Populations from Latin America Is Associated with Variations in Susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxins

Monnerat

Martins

Queiroz

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Strains are morphologically identical, but show vast genetic differences in several markers, such as allozymes, esterases, AFLP´s, and ND4 gene (Prowell 1986, McMichael & Prowell 1999, Prowell et al 2004. A PCR-RFLP method based on the restriction enzyme MspI identifi es S. frugiperda strains by amplifying products of 569 bp of the COI gene and producing two cleavage sites of 497 bp and 72 bp on the corn strain only (Levy et al 2002, Nagoshi & Meagher 2003a.…”

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confidence: 99%

Host plant association and genetic differentiation of corn and rice strains of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Colombia

Saldamando-Benjumea¹,

Vélez-Arango²

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) is a polifagous insect of major economic impact in the western hemisphere and exhibits two strains (i.e., corn and rice) that are morphologically identical but differ in ecology, genetics and physiology. In this work we identifi ed these strains and their respective hybrids by using a PCR-RFLP of the COI gene and PCR of the tandem region FR. Moreover, we performed a population structure analysis by using 253 larvae from Tolima, a region where S. frugiperda is a pest on corn, rice, sorghum and cotton. Corn strain was found on 42% in corn, 34% in cotton, 19% in sorghum and 0.04 % in rice and rice strain on 35% in corn, 0.06% in cotton, 0.06% in sorghum and 53% in rice, demonstrating that corn strain specifi city is superior to rice strain. Hybrids between these strains were more abundant in corn. The distributions on their host plants refl ect a population genetic differentiation in S. frugiperda with values of PhiPT (COI) = 0.31, P < 0.0001, PhiPT (FR) = 0.17, P < 0.0001 for all crops and PhiPT (COI) = 0.42, P < 0.01, PhiPT (FR) = 0.13, P < 0.01 for the sixteen sampled farms. The dendrograms showed two clusters representing both strains. The results obtained in this study suggest that the management of this insect must differ on each host plant, given the specialization that both strains present, particularly in corn and rice.

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“…Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo e em estudos anteriores com populações de S. frugiperda (McMichael & Pashley 1999), apontam para a existência de maior similaridade genética entre as populações de uma mesma planta hospedeira, sugerindo que a seleção natural via planta hospedeira foi o processo que orientou as populações no sentido de aumentar o nível de adaptação, fato relatado por Schluter & Nagel (1995) e Kirkpatrick & Ravigné (2002). A base genética do milho cultivado é bem mais ampla do que a base genética do arroz irrigado.…”

Section: Análise Dos Dados E Estimativas Dos Parâmetros Deunclassified

Análise da estrutura e diversidade molecular de populações de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) associadas às culturas de milho e arroz no Rio Grande do Sul

Busato¹,

Grützmacher²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2004

Neotrop. Entomol.

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-The goal of this work was to analyze the molecular structure and diversity of four Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) populations associated to the corn and rice crops in Rio Grande do Sul State. Four populations of caterpillars were collected from distinct areas (more than 300 km apart), from the counties of Santa Rosa (corn) and Uruguaiana (irrigated rice), and in adjacent areas in Pelotas county (corn and irrigated rice). The analysis of 40 caterpillars (10 from each population), with five combinations of primers generated a total of 241 loci, among then 229 (95%) were polymorphic. The dendrogram generated by the clustering method UPGMA, based on the Dice similarity matrix, showed overlappings among the studied populations. The diversity indexes evidenced that 88% of the genetic diversity was observed within populations and 12% between S. frugiperda populations. The dendrogram generated by clustering UPGMA method, based on the dissimilarity matrix from the euclydean distances, evidenced the existence of a differentiation among populations according to the host plant, being the loci 42 and 47 (M-CTG/E-ACC) capable of detecting 100% of the genetic differences. These results showed that the genetic variation of S. frugiperda populations is associated to host plants, confirming the presence of the "corn" and "rice" biotypes of S. frugiperda in Rio Grande do Sul State.KEY WORDS: Insecta, fall armyworm, AFLP, biotype RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a estrutura e a diversidade molecular de quatro populações de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) associadas às culturas de milho e arroz no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram coletadas lagartas de quatro populações em áreas isoladas (distanciadas em mais de 300 km) nos municípios de Santa Rosa (milho) e Uruguaiana (arroz irrigado) e em áreas adjacentes, no município de Pelotas (milho e arroz irrigado). A análise de 40 lagartas (10 de cada população), com cinco combinações de oligonucleotídios iniciadores geraram o total de 241 locos, dentre os quais 229 (95%) foram polimórficos. O dendrograma gerado pelo método de agrupamento UPGMA, baseado na matriz de similaridade de Dice, mostrou sobreposições entre as lagartas das populações estudadas. Os índices de diversidade evidenciaram que 88% da diversidade genética foi observada dentro das populações e 12% entre as populações de S. frugiperda. O dendrograma gerado pelo método de agrupamento UPGMA, baseado na matriz de dissimilaridade das distâncias euclidianas, evidenciou a existência de uma diferenciação entre as populações de acordo com a planta hospedeira, sendo os locos 42 e 47 (M-CTG/E-ACC) capazes de detectar 100% das diferenças genéticas. Esses resultados sugerem que a variação genética das populações de S. frugiperda está associada às plantas hospedeiras, confirmando a presença dos biótipos "milho" e "arroz" de S. frugiperda no Rio Grande do Sul. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Insecta, lagarta-do-cartucho, lagarta-da-folha, AFLP, biótipo A lagarta Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) é uma das principais pragas da cultura d...

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Differences in Amplified Fragment-Length Polymorphisms in Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Host Strains

Cited by 91 publications

References 16 publications

Genetic Variability of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Populations from Latin America Is Associated with Variations in Susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxins

Genetic Variability of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Populations from Latin America Is Associated with Variations in Susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxins

Host plant association and genetic differentiation of corn and rice strains of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Colombia

Análise da estrutura e diversidade molecular de populações de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) associadas às culturas de milho e arroz no Rio Grande do Sul

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