Differences in resting energy expenditure between black and white smokers: implications for postcessation weight gain

Abstract

Objective: To examine differences in resting energy expenditure (REE) between black and white smokers in order to determine whether REE might contribute to postcessation weight gain. Design: Cross-sectional and prospective investigation of ethnic differences in REE. Differences in REE between black and white smokers were examined at baseline while all participants were smoking, and again during 2 weeks of abstinence from smoking. Setting: Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Subjects: Sixty-six black and 112 white smokers (age 30.4 y; cigarettes per day 21.4; weight 71.7 kg; body mass index 24.5 kgam 2 ). Results: Black smokers had a signi®cantly lower baseline REE after adjusting for gender and body weight. Changes in REE following smoking cessation did not differ by ethnicity. Conclusions: These results suggest that black smokers may be more energy ef®cient, which could contribute to ethnic differences in postcessation weight gain.

Cigarette smoking is associated with energy balance in premenopausal African-American adult women differently than in similarly aged white women

“…There were also a very small number of African-American smokers (six of 76 African-American women) in the Kimm et al study. Another study 25 found significantly lower REE in African-American and white smokers but did not analyze for gender differences. Since that study found no ethnic differences in the change in REE following smoking cessation, it is possible that baseline REE differences were due to ethnic REE differences previously noted in women [26][27][28][29][30][31] and also in men.…”

“…[26][27][28][29][30][31] Most recently, this difference has also been noted in smoking women. 25 Smoking may, in some way, work to increase a depressed REE to a higher level in African-American women. If the women in the current sample are similar to those in The literature regarding how smoking affects REE is conflicting but the general consensus appears to be that smoking has no effect on chronic metabolic rate.…”

Practical guidelines for standardising the measurement of resting metabolism by indirect calorimetry: a literature review

“…Как правило, термическую реакцию на кофеин можно измерить через 30-150 минут после приема внутрь. У здоровых мужчин употребление кофеина в дозе от 200 до 350 мг приводило к увеличению среднего значения МП в груп пе на 7-11% [18].…”

Trial design: Blood pressure control and weight gain prevention in prehypertensive and hypertensive smokers: The treatment and prevention study

“…The goal of the intervention is to limit cessation-induced weight gain in order to improve BP control. Results from several studies indicate that the weight gain that occurs following smoking cessation is due primarily to increases in energy intake, although the loss of the acute increases in energy expenditure associated with repeated nicotine administration throughout the day also may play a role [28,[30][31]. Therefore, the intervention is aimed at reducing the positive energy balance that occurs after quitting smoking by limiting postcessation increases in energy intake and promoting increased energy expenditure through physical activity.…”