Different actions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: molecular mechanisms and clinical importance

Simonson, Gregg D.; Kendall, David M.

doi:10.1097/01.med.0000216965.36504.be

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…PPARγ agonists such as thiazolidinedione rosiglitazone improve insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes by modifying adipocyte differentiation. 39) Several groups using reporter gene and receptor binding assays demonstrated that MEHP activates PPARγ. [36][37][38] In addition to being metabolized through hydrolysis, PEs can be produced ring-or alkyl chainhydroxylated metabolites.…”

Section: Ppar-mediated Effects Of Hydroxylated Phthalate Estersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Risks of Phthalate Esters: Acquisition of Endocrine-disrupting Activity during Environmental and Metabolic Processing

Okamoto

Ueda

Kojima

2011

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Phthalate esters (PEs) are plasticizers used in many plastic products, food packaging materials, and medical bags. The widespread use of PEs has led to ubiquitous environmental contamination and human-exposure. Several epidemiological studies have indicated that exposure to PEs, especially during the prenatal period, induces adverse effects, including developmental and behavioral abnormalities, suggesting that PEs are endocrine-disrupters. Although the endocrine-disrupting effect of PEs is thought to be estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated, the ER-binding affinity of PEs is quite low, indicating that other mechanisms should be considered. In this review, we demonstrate that alkyl chain length and hydroxylation of PEs have a significant impact on binding to ERs and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. In addition, we discuss recent results from our laboratory that suggest additional risks may arise from environmental and metabolic processing of PEs through microbial transformation, microsomal metabolism, and sunlight exposure.

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Section: Ppar-mediated Effects Of Hydroxylated Phthalate Estersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Risks of Phthalate Esters: Acquisition of Endocrine-disrupting Activity during Environmental and Metabolic Processing

Okamoto

Ueda

Kojima

2011

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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“…PPAR are expressed in the liver, in the brown adipose tissue, in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and their agonists are represented by fibrates, currently used in treatment of abnormalites in Tg and HDL; fibrates modestly affect low density lipoproteins (LDL) concentration, but have been shown to increase the percentage of larger, less atherogenic particles [7]. PPAR are mainly expressed in the adipose tissue, and, at low levels, in the liver and the vascular tissue.…”

Section: Peroxisome Proliferators Activated Receptors and Thiazolidinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the thiazolidinediones approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes are pioglitazone (ActosTakeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc., Lincolnshire) and rosiglitazone (Avandia, Glaxo Smith Kline, research Triangle Park NC), while troglitazone has been withdrawn in 2000 because of many cases of hepatic toxicity. Thiazolidinediones were initially introduced as new insulin-sensitizers for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; subsequently, experimental and clinical studies results have clearly demonstrated a role of these molecules in the regulation of plasmatic lipids and adipose tissue endocrinological functions [7][8][9]. Thiazolidinediones have been shown to increase glucose disposal in skeletal muscle, thus leading to enhanced insulin-receptor signalling and concomitant reduction in plasma FFA [10].…”

Section: Peroxisome Proliferators Activated Receptors and Thiazolidinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone: Effects of Treatment with a Thiazolidinedione on Lipids and Non Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Derosa

Salvadeo

2008

CCP

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The so-called central or upper-body obesity has been shown to play a key role in the development of insulin resistance and lipid abnormalities that commonly are associated with metabolic syndrome. Reducing free fatty acids (FFA) levels improves insulin resistance and lipid profile in metabolic syndrome. The established approach to improving FFA metabolism in obesity is based on inhibition of lipolysis, weight loss and treatment with thiazolidinediones (TZDs). Thiazolidinediones effect on lipids and lipid metabolism will be reviewed, particularly as regard their activity on the abnormal FFA metabolism, related to insulin-resistance. The many questions still unsolved about the molecular mechanisms, the large spectrum of action and the similarities and differences between rosiglitazone and pioglitazone action on lipid metabolism have been reviewed as well as the effect of these new insulin-sensitizers on non conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

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Carotenoids inhibit proliferation and regulate expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in K562 cancer cells

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2011

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

115

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Different actions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: molecular mechanisms and clinical importance

Cited by 5 publications

References 70 publications

Potential Risks of Phthalate Esters: Acquisition of Endocrine-disrupting Activity during Environmental and Metabolic Processing

Potential Risks of Phthalate Esters: Acquisition of Endocrine-disrupting Activity during Environmental and Metabolic Processing

Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone: Effects of Treatment with a Thiazolidinedione on Lipids and Non Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Carotenoids inhibit proliferation and regulate expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in K562 cancer cells

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