Differential Accumulation and Distribution of Antifungal Sesquiterpenoids in Cotton Stems Inoculated with<i>Verticillium dahliae</i>

Garas, N. A.; Waiss, Anthony C.

doi:10.1094/phyto-76-1011

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Gossypium hirsutum mutants that completely lack lysigenous cavities can still synthesise TAs under the stress of fungal infection or chemical irritation (e.g. Bell 1967;Hunter et al 1978;Garas and Waiss 1986). These data demonstrate that the presence of clearly differentiated, albeit immature, lysigenous cavities is not directly correlated with the presence of TAs in the sect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Brubaker¹,

Benson²,

Miller³

et al. 1996

Aust. J. Bot.

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The presence of lysigenous cavities filled with terpenoid aldehydes (generically termed 'gossypol') in most tissues of cultivated cottons and their relatives imparts natural resistance to a variety of insect, fungal, and bacterial pests. Deposition of terpenoid aldehydes in cultivated cotton seed, however, renders cottonseed oils and protein meals toxic to non-ruminant animals, including humans. Seeds of the socalled 'glandless-seeded' Australian Gossypium L. species (Gossypium subgenus Sturtia (R.Br.) Tod.) reportedly lack terpenoid aldehydes, and thus may represent an important genetic resource in the development of cottonseed oils and protein meals free of these toxins. Information supporting this assertion, however, is fragmentary and contradictory. To resolve this, seeds of all known Australian Gossypium species were surveyed chemically and anatomically. Immature lysigenous cavities were present in seeds of all 18 species. Lysigenous cavities of sect. Sturtia and sect. Hibiscoidea Tod. seeds were unpigrnented and invisible to the naked eye, while pigmented, macroscopically visible lysigenous cavities occurred in all the sect. Grandicalyx (Fryxell) Fryxell seeds. HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis revealed that sect. Sturtia and sect. Hibiscoidea seeds did not contain detectable levels of terpenoid aldehydes, but that sect. Grandicalyx seeds contained gossypol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Brubaker¹,

Benson²,

Miller³

et al. 1996

Aust. J. Bot.

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“…In tomato and cotton, defense response of resistant cultivars was associated with a more rapid suberin coating in the xylem and to an increased activity of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the phenylpropanoid pathway providing precursors for phytoalexin, lignin, and salicylic acid biosynthesis (Lee et al ., 1992; Smit and Dubery, 1997). In cotton, a higher amount of methylated sesquiterpenoid phytoalexins was found in the infected vascular tissues of resistant genotypes (Garas and Waiss, 1986). Such defense responses may have the same effect on the lateral movement of the fungus in roots and stems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a locus controlling Verticillium disease symptom response in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2003

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SummaryVerticillium dahliae Klebahn is a soil-borne fungal pathogen causing vascular diseases. The pathogen penetrates the host through the roots, spreads through the xylem, and systemically colonizes both resistant and susceptible genotypes. To elucidate the genetic and molecular bases of plant±Verticillium interactions, we have developed a pathosystem utilizing Arabidopsis thaliana and an isolate of V. dahliae pathogenic to both cruciferous and non-cruciferous crops. Relative tolerance (based on symptom severity) but no immunity was found in a survey of Arabidopsis ecotypes. Anthocyanin accumulation, stunting, and chlorosis were common symptoms. Speci®c responses of the more susceptible ecotype Columbia were induction of early¯owering and dying. The more tolerant ecotype C-24 was characterized by pathogeninduced delay of transition to¯owering and mild chlorosis symptoms. Genetic analysis indicated that a single dominant locus, Verticillium dahliae-tolerance (VET1), likely functioning also as a negative regulator of the transition to¯owering, was able to convey increased tolerance. VET1 was mapped on chromosome IV. The differential symptom responses observed between ecotypes were not correlated with different rates of fungal tissue colonization or with differential transcript accumulation of PR-1 and PDF1.2 defense genes whose activation was not detected during the Arabidopsis±V. dahliae interaction. Impairment in salicylic acid (SA)-or jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent signaling did not cause hypersensitivity to the fungal infection, whereas ethylene insensitivity led to reduced chlorosis and ABA de®ciency to reduced anthocyanin accumulation. The results of this study clearly indicated that the ability of V. dahliae to induce disease symptoms is also connected to the genetic control of development and life span in Arabidopsis.

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“…When the fungus ingress the cotton plant, the pathogens always first colonize on the root surface [4,5], then directly penetrate into the root or the stem through wounded areas. Early studies showed that the PR protein and phytoalexins were detected much more early in roots of resistant lines than susceptible lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When V. dahliae pathogens penetrated directly into cotton epidermal cells, parenchyma cells of the vascular tissues of resistant variety were reinforced by the callose, cellulose and polysaccharides [1][2][3][4][5]. The high concentration of terpenoids and phenolic substances were accumulated in these cells, which then coated pathogens within the vessels to stop fungal ingression [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of a Wilt Fungus Inducible <i>PR</i>10-1 Gene from Cotton

Chen¹,

Sun²,

Wang³

et al. 2013

AJPS

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Early stage expression of PR10 combined with phytoalexins contributed to Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. In order to analysis the activities of PR10 proteins during pathogens' infection, we cloned a Verticillium-induced PR10 (GbPR10-1) gene from cotton (Gossypium barbadense) and compared its expression patterns and domains with other PR10 proteins. Bioinformatics indicated that GbPR10-1 showed the lowest similarity with other 12 different PR10 genes in cotton (Upland and sea-island cotton). Expression profiles showed that GbPR10-1 gene instantly up-regulated after infection by V. dahliae in the sea-island cotton plants. GbPR10-1 was also induced by environmental stimulus including heat, submergence and salt, and ethylene but not by ABA and salicylic acid. The GbPR10-1 protein expressed in E. coli BL21 demonstrated that it had a low ribonuclease-like activity in vitro, and could inhibit V. dahliae hyphae growth but not its spores. Comparison analysis of GbPR10-1 (from resistant species) and GhPR10-1 (from susceptible species) responding to V. dahliae infection, only GbPR10-1 gene was strongly induced in the sea-island cotton plants (incompatible response), indicating that PR10-1 genes was linked to resistance signal. In summary, the earlier activation of GbPR10-1 gene, as the index of resistance response, would be aid to block the V. dahliae attack in cotton.

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Differential Accumulation and Distribution of Antifungal Sesquiterpenoids in Cotton Stems Inoculated withVerticillium dahliae

Cited by 24 publications

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Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Identification of a locus controlling Verticillium disease symptom response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Functional Analysis of a Wilt Fungus Inducible <i>PR</i>10-1 Gene from Cotton

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Differential Accumulation and Distribution of Antifungal Sesquiterpenoids in Cotton Stems Inoculated withVerticillium dahliae

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Identification of a locus controlling Verticillium disease symptom response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Functional Analysis of a Wilt Fungus Inducible &lt;i&gt;PR&lt;/i&gt;10-1 Gene from Cotton

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Functional Analysis of a Wilt Fungus Inducible <i>PR</i>10-1 Gene from Cotton