Differential activity to shapes under shape-from-motion condition in macaque middle temporal area

Handa, Takashi; Katai, Satoshi; Kuno, Reiko; Unno, Shumpei; Inoue, Masato; Mikami, Atsushi

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.06.029

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…However, the profound vasoconstriction, bradycardia and arrhythmia associated with medetomidine are potential problems (Sinclair 2003). Although pentobarbital is still used in cranial surgeries in neuroscience research (Petrides & Pandya 2007; Handa et al. 2008), it is unsatisfactory for clinical anaesthesia because of the prolonged recovery period and respiratory depression (Branson 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypnotic effects and pharmacokinetics of a single bolus dose of propofol in Japanese macaques (Macaca fsucata fsucata)

Miyabe‐Nishiwaki

Masui

Kaneko

et al. 2010

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypnotic effects and pharmacokinetics of a single bolus dose of propofol in Japanese macaques (Macaca fsucata fsucata)

Miyabe‐Nishiwaki

Masui

Kaneko

et al. 2010

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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“…Model MT units (Eq. (12)) respond to surfaces defined by moving dots (Handa et al, 2008;Marcar et al, 1995) and are functionally similar to wide-field MT cells. Motion sensitive units in model V1 project to units in MT that have the same motion direction preference (Figs.…”

Section: Model Mtmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This suggests that V4 is involved in figure-ground segregation, regardless of whether the figure is defined by luminance contrast or kinetic occlusion. Unlike in V4, neurons in MT do not exhibit sensitivity to kinetic edges (Marcar et al, 2000), but do exhibit tuning to moving kinetically defined shapes (Handa et al, 2008). Neurons in MT have been shown to be sensitive to longrange motion in a uniform direction (Born, 2000), but the response diminishes when multiple motion directions appear within the receptive field (Snowden et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A neural model of border-ownership from kinetic occlusion

Layton

Yazdanbakhsh

2015

Vision Research

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Camouflaged animals that have very similar textures to their surroundings are difficult to detect when stationary. However, when an animal moves, humans readily see a figure at a different depth than the background. How do humans perceive a figure breaking camouflage, even though the texture of the figure and its background may be statistically identical in luminance? We present a model that demonstrates how the primate visual system performs figure-ground segregation in extreme cases of breaking camouflage based on motion alone. Border-ownership signals develop as an emergent property in model V2 units whose receptive fields are nearby kinetically defined borders that separate the figure and background. Model simulations support border-ownership as a general mechanism by which the visual system performs figure-ground segregation, despite whether figure-ground boundaries are defined by luminance or motion contrast. The gradient of motion- and luminance-related border-ownership signals explains the perceived depth ordering of the foreground and background surfaces. Our model predicts that V2 neurons, which are sensitive to kinetic edges, are selective to border-ownership (magnocellular B cells). A distinct population of model V2 neurons is selective to border-ownership in figures defined by luminance contrast (parvocellular B cells). B cells in model V2 receive feedback from neurons in V4 and MT with larger receptive fields to bias border-ownership signals toward the figure. We predict that neurons in V4 and MT sensitive to kinetically defined figures play a crucial role in determining whether the foreground surface accretes, deletes, or produces a shearing motion with respect to the background.

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“…It is important to note that the response properties of visual cortical neurons are altered by various task demands (Gilbert & Li, ), such as visual attention (McAdams & Maunsell, ; Motter, ; Ogawa & Komatsu, ; Reynolds, Pasternak, & Desimone, ; Saruwatari, Inoue, & Mikami, ; Treue & Martinez‐Trujillo, ), visual discrimination (Chelazzi, Duncan, Miller, & Desimone, ; Ferrera, Rudolph, & Maunsell, ; Handa et al., ; Sáry, Köteles, Chadaide, Tompa, & Benedek, ; Schlack & Albright, ; Sheinberg & Logothetis, ), and perceptual decision (Newsome, Britten, & Movshon, ; Britten, Shadlen, Newsome, & Movshon, ; Leopold & Logothetis, ; Bradley, Chang, & Andersen, ; Nielsen, Logothetis, & Rainer, ; Kosai, El‐Shamayleh, Fyall, & Pasupathy, ; Unno, Handa, Nagasaka, Inoue, & Mikami, ). Top‐down modulation may enhance the processing of behaviorally significant visual stimuli (Blatt, Andersen, & Stoner, ; Schall, Morel, King, & Bullier, ; Moore & Armstrong, ; Buffalo, Fries, Landman, Liang, & Desimone, ; Ninomiya, Sawamura, Inoue, & Takada, ; Gregoriou, Rossi, Ungerleider, & Desimone, ).…”

Section: Active Vision Modulates Neuronal Responses To Motion‐definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(d) Population histogram of responses to preferred (colored) and no‐preferred (gray) stimuli in functionally classified group in V4 (top), MT (middle), and uSTS / lSTS (bottom). (a), (b), and (d) are modified from (Handa et al., ; Handa et al., and Handa et al., ), respectively [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Active Vision Modulates Neuronal Responses To Motion‐definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal correlates of motion‐defined shape perception in primate dorsal and ventral streams

Handa

Mikami

2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Human and non-human primates can readily perceive the shape of objects using visual motion. Classically, shape, and motion are considered to be separately processed via ventral and dorsal cortical pathways, respectively. However, many lines of anatomical and physiological evidence have indicated that these two pathways are likely to be interconnected at some stage. For motion-defined shape perception, these two pathways should interact with each other because the ventral pathway must utilize motion, which the dorsal pathway processes, to extract shape signal. However, it is unknown how interactions between cortical pathways are involved in neural mechanisms underlying motion-defined shape perception. We review evidence from psychophysical, lesion, neuroimaging and physiological research on motion-defined shape perception and then discuss the effects of behavioral demands on neural activity in ventral and dorsal cortical areas. Further, we discuss functions of two candidate sets of levels: early and higher-order cortical areas. The extrastriate area V4 and middle temporal (MT) area, which are reciprocally connected, at the early level are plausible areas for extracting the shape and/or constituent parts of shape from motion cues because neural dynamics are different from those during luminance-defined shape perception. On the other hand, among other higher-order visual areas, the anterior superior temporal sulcus likely contributes to the processing of cue-invariant shape recognition rather than cue-dependent shape processing. We suggest that sharing information about motion and shape between the early visual areas in the dorsal and ventral pathways is dependent on visual cues and behavioral requirements, indicating the interplay between the pathways.

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Differential activity to shapes under shape-from-motion condition in macaque middle temporal area

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Hypnotic effects and pharmacokinetics of a single bolus dose of propofol in Japanese macaques (Macaca fsucata fsucata)

Hypnotic effects and pharmacokinetics of a single bolus dose of propofol in Japanese macaques (Macaca fsucata fsucata)

A neural model of border-ownership from kinetic occlusion

Neuronal correlates of motion‐defined shape perception in primate dorsal and ventral streams

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