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The paper presents a relatively simple method for analysing the effect of IF filtering on the performance of multilevel FM signals. Using this method, the error rate performance of narrowband FM signals is analysed for three different detection techniques, namely limiter-discriminator detection, differential detection and coherent detection followed by differential decoding. The symbol error probabilities are computed for a Gaussian IF filter and a second-order Butterworth IF filter. It is shown that coherent detection and differential decoding yields better performance than limiter-discriminator detection and differential detection, whereas two noncoherent detectors yield approximately identical performance. 1 Introduction Among many recent papers which investigated the performance of narrowband digital FM signals [1-6], the most important, perhaps, is Pawula's work [2] on limiter-discriminator (LD) detection of narrowband binary FM signals. An observation originally made by Cartier [1] that only the intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by bits adjacent to the bit being detected is significant, when the time-bandwidth product (BT) of the IF filter is restricted to a certain range, has been extended by Pawula for simplifying the analysis of binary FM signals.Although his analysis was intended for LD detection, it has later been shown to be easily amenable for determining the performance of several other detection techniques, including differential detection [3,4]. The objective of this paper is to extend Pawula's analytical approach for evaluating the performance of narrowband multilevel FM signals when detected using three symbol by symbol detection techniques. In a recent paper Korn [6] has presented numerical results for LD detection of multilevel FM signals using an alternative approach. As in the case of binary FM signals, considering the ISI caused by adjacent symbols and employing Fourier series expansion technique, we present a method for determining the performance of M-ary continuous phasefrequency-shift-keyed (CPFSK) signals when the effect of the receiver IF filter is taken into account. However, in contrast to the binary case, where only one term of the Fourier series expansion of a two-bit pattern is needed for numerical computation, the M-ary case requires approximately five to ten terms of a similar Fourier series expansion. We have not succeeded in reducing this number any further without forgoing accuracy. In any case, a digital computer is required for obtaining numerical results, and therefore we believe that the relatively large number of terms required does not hinder the applicability of our analysis. The extension of previous work on binary FM to the M-ary case in this paper is based on the key observation that ISI 'spilling' into the adjacent signalling intervals decays within the first half of each of the adjacent interval. Apparently, this observation does not simplify the analysis in the binary case any further, but considerably simplifies the analysis in the M-ary case. The restricti...
The paper presents a relatively simple method for analysing the effect of IF filtering on the performance of multilevel FM signals. Using this method, the error rate performance of narrowband FM signals is analysed for three different detection techniques, namely limiter-discriminator detection, differential detection and coherent detection followed by differential decoding. The symbol error probabilities are computed for a Gaussian IF filter and a second-order Butterworth IF filter. It is shown that coherent detection and differential decoding yields better performance than limiter-discriminator detection and differential detection, whereas two noncoherent detectors yield approximately identical performance. 1 Introduction Among many recent papers which investigated the performance of narrowband digital FM signals [1-6], the most important, perhaps, is Pawula's work [2] on limiter-discriminator (LD) detection of narrowband binary FM signals. An observation originally made by Cartier [1] that only the intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by bits adjacent to the bit being detected is significant, when the time-bandwidth product (BT) of the IF filter is restricted to a certain range, has been extended by Pawula for simplifying the analysis of binary FM signals.Although his analysis was intended for LD detection, it has later been shown to be easily amenable for determining the performance of several other detection techniques, including differential detection [3,4]. The objective of this paper is to extend Pawula's analytical approach for evaluating the performance of narrowband multilevel FM signals when detected using three symbol by symbol detection techniques. In a recent paper Korn [6] has presented numerical results for LD detection of multilevel FM signals using an alternative approach. As in the case of binary FM signals, considering the ISI caused by adjacent symbols and employing Fourier series expansion technique, we present a method for determining the performance of M-ary continuous phasefrequency-shift-keyed (CPFSK) signals when the effect of the receiver IF filter is taken into account. However, in contrast to the binary case, where only one term of the Fourier series expansion of a two-bit pattern is needed for numerical computation, the M-ary case requires approximately five to ten terms of a similar Fourier series expansion. We have not succeeded in reducing this number any further without forgoing accuracy. In any case, a digital computer is required for obtaining numerical results, and therefore we believe that the relatively large number of terms required does not hinder the applicability of our analysis. The extension of previous work on binary FM to the M-ary case in this paper is based on the key observation that ISI 'spilling' into the adjacent signalling intervals decays within the first half of each of the adjacent interval. Apparently, this observation does not simplify the analysis in the binary case any further, but considerably simplifies the analysis in the M-ary case. The restricti...
We study the effect of bandlimiting transmitter filter on the bit error probability (BEP) of M‐ary Frequency Shift Keying and Differential Phase Shift Keying with Differential Phase Detector in Satellite Mobile Channel. Numerical results are presented in the case when the transmitter and receiver filters are Butterworth filters of order NT = 4 and NR = 3 respectively. The BEP is reduced with increasing transmitter bandwidth with a minimum at infinite bandwidth, i.e. no transmitter filter. However finite values of this bandwidth can be used without significantly increasing the BEP. In the computation of the BEP we optimised various parameters, like the receiver bandwidth, sampling time, modulation index (for FSK only) and decision level.
I n thi.s arricle we discuss a coherenr opiical heierodyne CPFSK recen'er itsing optinium i7ariable delay denloriularion considering ihe effecr of 17arroiv-band IF filtering or inrerrynlhol inrerference (ISI) caused hy it. Firsr n e ini*estigaie ihe error probabiliry af rhe normali:ed handwidrh of IF filter BT = 1 for a Gaussian 1F filler. Numerical resirlts show ihar rhe impact of narrow,-band IFfiliering increases with an increase it1 normalized I F speciral linewidth 1 vT arid a decrease in nioditlaiion index h. Second. in order to decrease ihe impact of ISI. the optitnum BT values are determined. which can minimize the error probabiliiv for given SNR. If a Gaussian IF .filter is used, the optimal BT values are 1.3 for 9vT = 0.254. 1.4 for 1 v T = 0.5% ai h = 0.5, 1.2 for J U T = 0.255. 1.4 for AvT = 0 . 5 9 at h = 0.7, and l..?for all AvT I 0.5% at h = I .Finally, rhe performance of an oprimal receiver emploving optimum Gaussian IF filler is studied. W e knoM. that h = I is optimum and AvT 5 0.5% IS necessary for 1-dB EBIN" penally per bii at BER of lo-'. ' C 1992 John Wilev & Sons. Inc. INTRODUCTON Received 10-25-91; revised 3-25-92Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 5/9, 442-447 -layer dielectrics with a microstrip feed line in between. The input impedance of the antenna is studied as a function of the patch width, the patch-feed overlap, and the dielectric constants of two layers. 0 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ABSTRACT An experimental investigalion is carried out into the operation of an electromagnetically coupled (EMC) microstrip patch antenna consisting of double
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