Differentiating Thai Hom Mali rice cultivated inside and outside the Thung Kula Rong-Hai Plain using stable isotopic data combined with multivariate analysis

Combination of light stable isotopic and elemental signatures in Thai Hom Mali rice with chemometric analysis

“…The effect of δ 13 C values in food is mainly caused by photosynthesis types of plants ( Chung et al, 2018 ). However, the δ 15 N values reflect soil properties and local agricultural practices ( Chung et al, 2018 , Kongsri and Kukusamude, 2023 ). Furthermore, the δ 18 O values affect geological structures and geo-climate conditions, distance from coast, irrigation, precipitation, etc ( Chung et al, 2018 , Kelly et al, 2002 ).…”