Diffuse reflectance behavior of the printed cotton/nylon blend fabrics treated with zirconium and cerium dioxide and citric acid in near‐ and short‐wave IR radiation spectral ranges

Abstract

Near‐ and short‐wave IR emission spectra of printed cotton/nylon blend fabrics coated with inorganic compounds in order to tune their diffuse reflectance behavior to the ones with woodland and desert backgrounds are investigated. In this regard, cotton/nylon blend fabrics printed with a four‐color digital pattern were used as the substrate, and different concentrations of zirconium and cerium dioxide (ZrO2 and CeO2) with and without citric acid as a cross‐linker were loaded on these fabrics using the pad‐dry‐cure method. The diffuse reflectance of the coated fabrics with various concentrations of nanoparticles and a cross‐linker was first measured by near‐infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Then, fabrics with an optimum concentration of nanoparticles and appropriate reflectivity profiles similar to woodland and desert were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), washing, and rubbing fastness properties. In general, NIR and short‐wave infrared (SWIR) reflectance of fabrics coated with ZrO2 and CeO2 nanoparticles in range of 1% to 1.5% (w/v [%]) was suitable for matching with different environments. According to the findings obtained from the durability test, it was concluded that the washing fastness of the treated fabrics with CeO2 nanoparticles was excellent in both environments. FE‐SEM images of the treated fabrics containing ZrO2 and CeO2 indicated that the presence of nanoparticles on the surface of fabrics in woodland patterns was greater than the desert ones. However, the coated fabrics with CeO2 and citric acid in the woodland pattern have shown better dispersion with a mean particle size of 30 to 60 nm.

Smart Textiles for Visible and IR Camouflage Application: State-of-the-Art and Microfabrication Path Forward

“…The work of many researchers demonstrates the importance of wearer comfort, resistance to laundering, and maintaining the functionality of the garment over time [ 14 , 16 , 23 , 31 , 34 , 39 , 40 , 44 ]. There are benefits in avoiding the need for embedded electronics as this adds complexity in terms of washing and powering of devices, especially since energy harvesting capabilities are not ready for use in textile systems yet.…”

“…Similarly, Siadat and Mokhtari coated printed cotton/nylon fabrics in woodland and desert patterns with varying concentrations (1–2% w / v (%)) of zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ) and cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles with and without a 6% ( w / v (%)) citric acid cross-linker using a pad-dry-cure process [ 16 ]. They found that when the concentration of the nanoparticle coating was at 2%, a CIE calculated color difference greater than 2 was found in all samples when compared to the uncoated printed fabrics (standard sample) and was therefore considered outside of the desired performance range due to a noticeable visual color difference.…”

Research status and development of infrared camouflage textile materials

“…Siadat et al coated the printed cotton/nylon blended fabric with forest land and desert patterns with CeO 2 and ZrO 2 nanoparticles of different concentrations (1-2%), making the near infrared-short wave infrared (NIR-SWIR) reflection curve of the fabric matched the forest land and desert area respectively. 20 The results showed that adding 1% ZrO 2 to the printed fabric could reduce the reflectance level of NIR and SWIR regions, especially in forest land. The reflection could be further reduced by adding 6% citric acid to the filler solution as the crosslinking agent.…”

“…(a) Comparison of diffuse reflection profiles of the coated printed blend fabrics with 1% CeO 2 and ZrO 2 nanoparticles relative to raw fabrics with woodland and desert patterns; (b) raw fabrics with woodland and dessert patterns; 20 (c)–(e) field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) image of control fabric, the TiO 2 -padded sample before laundering, the chitosan-TiO 2 -padded sample before laundering; 22 (f) schematic diagram of solar radiation reflection of coated fabric; 23 and (g) diffuse visible-near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectra of Ti-O coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics. 25 …”

Titanium and Silicon Dioxide-Coated Fabrics for Management and Tuning of Infrared Radiation

“…According to the obtained results, coating seems to be an effective tool for modifying and tuning the resulting IR emissivity of investigated textiles, and all investigated coatings appear to be suitable for IR emissivity modulation applications. Note that the emissivity values found for BNFC are usually higher than the ones for NCF due to the fact that the additional contribution of the binder in the coating chemical increases the emissivity value [ 35 , 36 ]. It is also worth noting that the anisotropy of the IR emissivity or thermal parameters was not revealed for these samples [ 37 , 38 ].…”