Diffuse type alteration of the ocular wall in different eye diseases

Abstract

The ocular wall dimensions (thickness and volume) were measured by means of ultrasonography in 61 eyes of 61 patients with different eye diseases and 31 eyes of 31 healthy subjects with or without refractive error. The results confirmed, that in spite of the great variance in the ocular wall thickness, depending on the axial eye length, the volume of the ocular coats is constant in healthy eyes (ca. 1.65 cm3). In patients with ocular hypotony (eyes after intraocular surgery or trauma, and eyes with uveitis or with phthisis bulbi) and in patients with exophthalmus, the ocular wall was thicker and larger in volume than in the healthy control groups. In contrast, the ocular wall dimensions (thickness and volume) were smaller in patients with glaucoma. The results of the study showed that an alteration in the volume of the ocular wall implies a pathological condition of the eye, and thus ultrasound examination of the ocular wall dimensions might play a role in the diagnosis and in the follow-up of the patient.

The Effect of Axial Length on the Thickness of Intraretinal Layers of the Macula

“…Our results showed that in the macular area the thickness of the retina and all intraretinal layers, except for the RNFL, GCC and the RPE, correlated with AL with an increasing trend towards the outer layers in the peripheral ring which suggests that the outer layers are elongating or “stretching” with increasing eyeball length. Since the OCT examination was carried out in the macula in a limited, 6 mm diameter wide retinal area, we did not have the opportunity to measure the total volume of the retinal layers involving the entire retina to the ora serrata and thus we were not able to get comparable results to those published by Németh et al using ultrasound [ 4 ].…”

“…The first paper describing the measurement of the ocular coat dimensions using US and the correlation between the thickness of the ocular wall and AL was published in 1984 [ 3 ]. Eight years later, Németh et al showed that the volume of the ocular coats is nearly constant in healthy eyes; furthermore, their results confirmed that the thickness of the ocular wall correlates negatively with the AL of the eye [ 4 ]. On the other hand, in eyes with uveitis, hypotonia or exophthalmus, the thickness and volume of the ocular wall were increased, as a result of the edema, while in eyes with glaucoma both the thickness and volume of the ocular wall were decreased, probably as a consequence of the destruction of the ganglion cells [ 4 ].…”

Assessment of macular choroidal and retinal thickness: a cohort study in Tibetan healthy children

“…Various studies have indicated that subfoveal ChT is influenced by factors such as age, race, sex, axial length, and intraocular pressure 4 , 5 . Similarly, a correlation between retinal thickness and refractive error has been found that retinal thickness decreases with increased myopia degree and axial length enlongation 6 , 7 . This relationship is also reflected in different layers of the retina, such as the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) 8 , 9 .…”

OCT Results in Myopia: Diagnostic Difficulties in Clinical Practice?

“…The complex interaction of all factors affects the signal strength, which is the main indicator of image quality during the study [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Despite good image quality and high signal strength, we still obtain images with less relevant diagnostic data, especially in relation to RNFL and GCL thickness [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. This issue is increasingly addressed in the literature, especially the role of axial length, refraction, sex, age and other factors [ 5 ].…”