Digestion of environmental materials for analysis by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry

McQuaker, Neil R.; Brown, David F.; Kluckner, Paul D.

doi:10.1021/ac50043a071

Cited by 228 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A 10 ml sample of urine at each time point was taken and frozen for later analysis of sodium concentration by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (Dahlquist and Knoll, 1978) using a Spectro CIROS ICPAES machine (Waite Analytical Services). Samples were digested with nitric acid and finished with hydrochloric acid as described by McQuaker et al (1979). The intra-assay coefficient of variation for sodium concentration was 2.88%.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offspring born to ewes fed high salt during pregnancy have altered responses to oral salt loads

Digby

Masters

Blache

et al. 2010

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prenatal growth is sensitive to the direct and indirect effects of maternal dietary intake; manipulation can lead to behavioural and physiological changes of the offspring later in life. Here, we report on three aspects of how a high-salt diet during pregnancy (conception to parturition) may affect the offspring's response to high oral salt loads: (i) dietary preferences for salt; (ii) response to salt and water balance and aldosterone and arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentrations after an oral salt challenge; (iii) concentrations of insulin and leptin after an oral salt challenge. We used two groups of lambs born to ewes fed either a high-salt (13% NaCl) diet during pregnancy (S lambs; n 5 12) or control animals born to ewes fed a conventional (0.5% NaCl) diet during pregnancy (C lambs; n 5 12). Lambs were subjected to short-(5 min) and long-term (24 h) preference tests for a high-salt (13% NaCl) or control diet, and the response to an oral challenge with either water or 25% NaCl solution were also carried out. Weaned lambs born to ewes fed high salt during pregnancy did not differ in their preference for dietary salt, but they did differ in their physiological responses to an oral salt challenge. Results indicate that these differences reflect an alteration in the regulation of water and salt balance as the metabolic hormones, insulin and leptin, were not affected. During the first 2 h after a single salt dose, S lambs had a 25% lower water intake compared to the C lambs. S lambs had, on average, a 13% lower AVP concentration than the C lambs (P 5 0.014). The plasma concentration of aldosterone was higher in the S lambs than in the C lambs (P 5 0.013). Results suggest that lambs born to ewes that ingest high amounts of salt during pregnancy are programmed to have an altered thirst threshold, and blunted response in aldosterone to oral salt loads.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offspring born to ewes fed high salt during pregnancy have altered responses to oral salt loads

Digby

Masters

Blache

et al. 2010

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nitrogen, sodium and other minerals were determined in a commercial laboratory (CSBP Soil and Plant Laboratory, Bibra Lake, WA, Australia) using the standard operating methods for the Thermo Iris Intrepid Duo ICP (X series ICP-MS, Thermo Electron Cooperation, Waltham, MA, USA). Feed was digested by the method of McQuaker et al (1979) prior to the analysis for nitrogen, sodium, chromium and other minerals. Chromium analysis was done in a separate commercial laboratory (CSIRO Analytical Services) using the atomic absorption spectrometer method of Cary and Allaway (1971).…”

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ingesting a saltbush and barley ration on the carcass and eating quality of sheepmeat

Pearce

Pethick

Masters

2008

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forage halophytes such as saltbush (Atriplex spp.) are widely used to revegetate Australian saline land and can provide a medium-quality fodder source. An animal house experiment was conducted to investigate differences in the carcass and eating quality of sheep ingesting saltbush from saline land in combination with a barley supplement. Twenty-six merino hoggets (two groups of 13) were fed either a 60 : 40 dried saltbush (Atriplex nummularia): barley (S 1 B) ration or a 33 : 25 : 42 lupins : barley : oaten hay ration (C) for 10 weeks prior to commercial slaughter. After 10 weeks, all sheep were commercially slaughtered and a single loin (from 12th rib to chump) collected from each animal for taste-panel analysis. Carcass weight, total tissue depth over the 12th rib 110 mm from the midline (GR fat depth), ultimate pH and colour were determined and X-ray bone densitometry used to estimate the fat content of the carcass. Blood samples were taken to assess the hormonal response to ingesting these diets and fatty acid profiles of the subcutaneous and intramuscular fat were determined. Both groups grew at the same rate (62 g/day) and had similar hot carcass weights (P . 0.01) (17.2 6 0.3 kg for S 1 B and 17.9 6 0.3 kg for C). However, these live weights may not be high enough to be commercially viable such that saltbush and barley may only be suitable as a maintenance feed. The S 1 B-fed sheep had a significantly (P 5 0.055) lower fat and higher lean content (P , 0.05) than the C group. This is a positive finding as fat denudation is a significant cost to processors and farmers can produce sheep that are depositing less fat or more lean per unit of live-weight gain. The decreased fat and increased lean content were attributed to the higher protein : energy ratio available for production and lower circulating insulin and higher growth hormone of the S 1 B-fed sheep. The lower body-fat content and lower metabolisable energy and digestible organic matter intake did correlate with the sheep fed the S 1 B diet, having a significantly lower percentage of unsaturated fat and equal levels of saturated fat than the C treatment. Diet had no effect on the ultimate pH or colour of the meat. Treatment had no significant effect on any of the eating-quality attributes (P . 0.1). The drying of the saltbush, the shorter length of the experimental period and the low carcass fat content were believed to have contributed to this result. Further field experiments are needed to clarify the benefits to carcass and eating quality of ingesting saltbush.

show abstract

“…From the ground samples, subsamples (approximately 5 g) were taken and used in the mineral nutrient analysis. Nitrogen was assayed using the method of Sweeney and Rexroad (1987), minerals such as Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Zn according to the method of McQuacker et al (1979), chloride and nitrate according to Zall et al (1959), and B following Wolf (1974).…”

Section: Mineral Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gall Induction by Epiblema Strenuana on Gas Exchange, Nutrients, and Energetics in Parthenium Hysterophorus

Florentine

Raman

Dhileepan³

2005

Biocontrol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Gall induction by arthropods results in a range of morphological and physiological changes in their host plants. We examined changes in gas exchange, nutrients, and energetics related to the presence of stem galls on Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae) induced by the moth, Epiblema strenuana Walker (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). We compared the effects of galls on P. hysterophorus in the rosette (young), pre-flowering (mature), and flowering (old) stages. Gall induction reduced the leaf-water potential, especially in flowering stage plants. In young and mature stage plants, galling reduced photosynthetic rates considerably. Gall induction reduced the transpiration rate mostly in mature plants, and this also diminished stomatal conductance. Energy levels in most galls and in shoot tissue immediately below the galls were significantly higher than the energy levels in stem tissue immediately above the galls, indicating that the gall acts as a mobilizing sink for the moth. Galling had significant effects on concentrations of minerals such as boron, chloride, magnesium, and zinc. In galled plants, reduced leaf-water potential and reduced rates of photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance may have altered mineral element levels. These observed effects demonstrate that E. strenuana has the potential to regulate P. hysterophorus.

show abstract

Digestion of environmental materials for analysis by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry

Cited by 228 publications

References 9 publications

Offspring born to ewes fed high salt during pregnancy have altered responses to oral salt loads

Offspring born to ewes fed high salt during pregnancy have altered responses to oral salt loads

The effect of ingesting a saltbush and barley ration on the carcass and eating quality of sheepmeat

Effects of Gall Induction by Epiblema Strenuana on Gas Exchange, Nutrients, and Energetics in Parthenium Hysterophorus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About