Digestive proteases in bodies and faeces of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae

Santamaría, M. Estrella; González‐Cabrera, Joel; Martínez, Manuel; Grbić, Vojislava; Castañera, Pedro; Díaz, Lsabel; Ortego, Félix

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.05.002

Cited by 59 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The hydrolysis of dietary proteins in spider mites relies on cysteine (cathepsin B-, cathepsin L-and legumainlike) and aspartyl (cathepsin D-like) proteases and aminopeptidases (Carrillo et al, 2011;Santamaria et al, 2015a). Our results indicate that T. evansi has a similar digestive proteolytic profile, hydrolyzing specific substrates for cathepsin D, cathepsin B, cathepsin L and legumain proteases and aminopeptidases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Digestion of dietary proteins relies on cysteine and aspartyl proteases and aminopeptidases (Santamaria et al, 2015a) and that of dietary carbohydrates on glycosidases (Nisbet and Billingsley, 2000). The genome of T. urticae has been sequenced (Grbic et al, 2011) and specific expansions have been found for gene families involved in digestion and detoxification processes, which may be involved in the capability of T. urticae to cope with the varying nutrients and defense compounds of different host plants.…”

Section: Mite Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The serine (PI-I, WIPI-II, JIP-21) aspartyl (CDI) and cysteine (CysPI) PI genes are induced by tetranychid mites in tomato but not by A. lycopersici (Li, et al, 2002;Kant et al, 2014;Glas, 2014;Glas et al, 2014;Alba et al 2015;Martel et al, 2015). Plant cysteine PIs are harmful for T. urticae (Santamaria et al, 2012(Santamaria et al, , 2015b, as they inhibit some of the main mite gut proteolytic enzymes (cathepsins B-, L-, and D-and legumainlike proteases) (Carrillo et al, 2011;Santamaria et al, 2015a). Plant serine PIs are also harmful to T. urticae (Santamaria et al, 2012), but they may target other physiological processes, since serine proteases (trypsin and chymotrypsin) do not appear to be directly involved in the hydrolysis of dietary proteins in this species (Carrillo et al, 2011;Santamaria et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Defensive Secondary Metabolites and Anti-nutritional Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This species regulates the expression of these genes in response to the ingestion of protease inhibitors to compensate for inhibitor-targeted enzymes, though they may also act as a direct barrier against other ingested plant defensive proteins (Santamaria et al, 2015a). The digestive physiology and the physiological adaptations of T. evansi and A. lycopersici to plant defenses remain largely unexplored.…”

Section: Mite Adaptation To Plant Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cathepsin B-, cathepsin L-and legumain-like activities were assayed as described by (Santamaria et al, 2015a), using Z-RR-AMC, Z-FR-AMC (Calbiochem, USA) and Z-VAN- Cathepsin D-like activity was determined using MocAc-GKPILFFRLK(Dnp)-D-R NH2…”

Section: Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Of Tomato Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drought-stressed tomato plants trigger bottom-up effects on key mite pests

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de Madrid, gracias a la concesión de la beca predoctoral de la Junta de Ampliación de Estudios Toca ahora recapitular toda la gente que ha formado parte de manera directa o indirecta de esta aventura que es el doctorado. Sé que, dado que son muchos años y muchas experiencias, alguno quedará sin mencionar, igualmente gracias, no me lo tengáis en cuenta.En primer lugar, quiero dar las gracias a mis dos directores de tesis, Pedro y Felix, por darme la oportunidad de hacer la tesis con vosotros. Porque siempre habéis confiado en mí, realizando la tesis en un tema que nos era lejano a los tres y que hemos sabido llevar a buen puerto. Gracias por todo lo que he aprendido de vosotros tanto a nivel personal como de vuestra amplia experiencia en investigación. Por guiarme estos años, evitando que me dispersara y por vuestra paciencia, dado que reconozco que muchas veces soy un poco caótico.A Matilde Barón que nos asesoró en el desarrollo de un protocolo de inducción de sequía.A toda la gente del consorcio Genomite marco en el que se desarrolló esta tesis. En especial a María, Alain y Philipe del CBGP (el de Francia) por facilitarnos la población de T. evansi, sus consejos en la cría de ácaros y su acogida en Montpellier, pasamos buenos momentos recolectando ácaros. A Cristina y Vava, por sus consejos y los momentos vividos en Montpellier. A Jerry y Mike por coordinar el proyecto y por sus comentarios como evaluadores externos que han contribuido de manera significativa a mejorar la tesis.Al laboratorio de Isabel Díaz del CBGP (el de la UPM) por su ayuda en los protocolos de inhibidores de proteasas y qPCR. A Isabel, ya son unos cuantos años que nos conocemos desde las clases de agrónomos, pasando por Chile, gracias por tu dedicación y tu ayuda todos estos años. A Ana y Blanca por su ayuda y por acogerme en el laboratorio como si fuera el mío.A Estrella, la que nunca para, muchas gracias por todo lo que me has enseñado, has sido una gran maestra y una muy buena compañera, nos queda pendiente coincidir en un congreso.Gracias también por toda tu ayuda en la recta final de la tesis.Al servicio de química de proteínas, a Emilia y a Javier, siempre dispuestos a ayudar, incluso cuando algún análisis corría prisa.A la maravillosa gente del laboratorio, a la que daba gusto ver cada mañana, voy a echar de menos las conversaciones durante las comidas, los cafés del 201 … A Esteban que me pasó el testigo de la cría de ácaros. Al otro Miguel, gracias por tu apoyo en todo lo referente a sequía y que me reafirmó en lo que estaba haciendo, gracias por tus comentarios que han mejorado esta tesis. A Gema y Pedro, por echarme una mano cuando lo necesitaba y alegrar los cafés. A la gente del 201, laboratorio en el que resistí los 5 años. A Matías, fuente de sabiduría en lo personal y laboral; Nuria, siempre con optimismo y con imaginación; Carolina, rodeada de sus animalillos dispuesta siempre a echar una mano; Gabriela, la dj del labo, siempre nos quedará Juan Luis Guerra bailado junto a la poyata; María, que me cedió el testigo, siempre r...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Mite Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Defensive Secondary Metabolites and Anti-nutritional Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mite Adaptation To Plant Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Of Tomato Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drought-stressed tomato plants trigger bottom-up effects on key mite pests

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Double infection of Wolbachia and Spiroplasma alters induced plant defense and spider mite fecundity

Zhu

Song

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDHerbivore‐associated bacterial symbionts can change plant physiology and influence herbivore fitness. The spider mite Tetranychus truncatus is a notorious pest harboring various bacterial symbionts; however, the effect of bacterial symbionts on host plant physiology remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether infection with the endosymbionts Wolbachia and Spiroplasma altered spider mite performance on tomato plants and affected plant‐induced defenses.RESULTSWolbachia and Spiroplasma were mainly located in the gnathosoma and ovaries of their spider mite hosts. Wolbachia and Spiroplasma significantly improved spider mite reproductive performance in cultivated and wild‐type tomato. However, in plants deficient in jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), there were no significant differences in reproduction between spider mites infected with Wolbachia and Spiroplasma and uninfected mites. The results indicated that the reproduction benefits conferred by endosymbionts may relate to plant defenses. Both spider mites infected with Wolbachia and Spiroplasma and uninfected mites induced similar levels of JA and SA accumulation in tomato, whereas tomato plants damaged by spider mites infected with both Wolbachia and Spiroplasma showed lower expression levels of JA‐ and SA‐responsive genes than those damaged by uninfected spider mites. In addition, mites infected with Wolbachia and Spiroplasma mites consumed more tomato amino acids compared to uninfected spider mites, which may have contributed to host fecundity.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that the reproduction benefits conferred by endosymbionts may be associated with changes in plant defense parameters and the concentrations of plant amino acids. The results highlight the importance of endosymbionts in interactions between spider mites and their host plants. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Mycorrhiza‐induced resistance in citrus against Tetranychus urticae is plant species dependent and inversely correlated to basal immunity

Manresa‐Grao,

Pastor,

Sánchez‐Bel

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDMycorrhizal plants show enhanced resistance to biotic stresses, but few studies address mycorrhiza‐induced resistance (MIR) against biotic challenges in woody plants and particularly in citrus. Here we present a comparative study of two citrus species, Citrus aurantium, which is resistant, and Citrus reshni, which is highly susceptible to Tetranychus urticae. Although both mycorrhizal species are protected in locally infested leaves, they show very distinct responses to MIR.RESULTSPrevious studies indicated that C. aurantium is insensitive to MIR in systemic tissues and MIR‐triggered antixenosis. Conversely, C. reshni is highly responsive to MIR which triggers local, systemic and indirect defence, and antixenosis against the pest. Transcriptional, hormonal, and inhibition assays in C. reshni indicated regulation of JA‐ and ABA‐dependent responses in MIR. The phytohormone JA‐Ile and JA acid biosynthesis gene LOX2 are primed at early time‐points. Evidence indicates a metabolic flux from phenylpropanoids to specific flavones that are primed at 24 h post infestation (hpi). MIR also triggers priming of naringenin in mycorrhizal C. reshni, which shows a strong correlation with several flavones and JA‐Ile that overaccumulate in mycorrhizal plants. Treatments with an inhibitor of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis C4H enzyme impaired resistance and reduced the symbiosis, demonstrating that phenylpropanoids and derivatives mediate MIR in C. reshni.CONCLUSIONAltogether, MIR effectiveness is inversely correlated to basal immunity in different citrus species, and it provides multifaceted protection in the susceptible C. reshni against T. urticae activating rapidly local, and systemic defenses that are mainly regulated by the accumulation of specific flavones and priming of JA‐dependent responses.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

show abstract

Digestive proteases in bodies and faeces of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae

Cited by 59 publications

References 47 publications

Drought-stressed tomato plants trigger bottom-up effects on key mite pests

Drought-stressed tomato plants trigger bottom-up effects on key mite pests

Double infection of Wolbachia and Spiroplasma alters induced plant defense and spider mite fecundity

Mycorrhiza‐induced resistance in citrus against Tetranychus urticae is plant species dependent and inversely correlated to basal immunity

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