Direct and indirect effects of altered temperature regimes and phenological mismatches on insect populations

Abarca, Mariana; Spahn, Ryan

doi:10.1016/j.cois.2021.04.008

Cited by 47 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This might have enhanced the rate of super- and multi-parasitism events and thus top-down control. In nature, warming could also change predator habitat use [8,9] and phenology [53,54], leading to changes in MPEs. However, the impact of temperature on MPEs was consistent across parasitoid assemblages, suggesting a general pattern for synergistic effects with multiple natural enemies under warming in our system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of multiple parasitoids decreases host survival under warming, but parasitoid performance also decreases

et al. 2022

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Current global changes are reshaping ecological communities and modifying environmental conditions. We need to recognize the combined impact of these biotic and abiotic factors on species interactions, community dynamics and ecosystem functioning. Specifically, the strength of predator–prey interactions often depends on the presence of other natural enemies: it weakens with competition and interference or strengthens with facilitation. Such effects of multiple predators on prey are likely to be affected by changes in the abiotic environment, altering top-down control, a key structuring force in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Here, we investigated how warming alters the effects of multiple predators on prey suppression using a dynamic model coupled with empirical laboratory experiments with Drosophila– parasitoid communities. While multiple parasitoids enhanced top-down control under warming, parasitoid performance generally declined when another parasitoid was present owing to competitive interactions. This could reduce top-down control over multiple generations. Our study highlights the importance of accounting for interactive effects between abiotic and biotic factors to better predict community dynamics in a rapidly changing world and thus better preserve ecosystem functioning and services such as biological control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of multiple parasitoids decreases host survival under warming, but parasitoid performance also decreases

et al. 2022

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“…Host condition and phenological synchrony in biotic interactions appear to be mediated by local (micro-)climatic variation, and are major determinants of spatiotemporal variation in fecundity and population size of host-specialist herbivores such as the brown argus [19,22,26,46,47]. By reducing temporal overlap between suitable resources and key herbivore life stages (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climatic conditions that are set to become more common (i.e. variable rainfall and longer, hotter summers [49,50]), may therefore narrow or close the phenological window of opportunity for this host-specialist herbivore to exploit these ephemeral annual resources in late summer [46,47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven variation in biotic interactions provides a narrow and variable window of opportunity for an insect herbivore at its ecological margin

Stewart

Maclean

Trujillo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Climate-driven geographic range shifts have been associated with transitions between dietary specialism and generalism at range margins. The mechanisms underpinning these often transient niche breadth modifications are poorly known, but utilisation of novel resources likely depends on phenological synchrony between the consumer and resource. We use a climate-driven range and host shift by the butterfly Aricia agestis to test how climate-driven changes in host phenology and condition affect phenological synchrony, and consider implications for host use.Our data suggest that the perennial plant which was the primary host before range expansion is a more reliable resource than the annual Geraniaceae upon which the butterfly has become specialised in newly colonised parts of its range. In particular, climate-driven phenological variation in the novel host Geranium dissectum generates a narrow and variable ‘window of opportunity’ for larval productivity in summer. Therefore, although climatic change may allow species to shift hosts and colonise novel environments, specialisation on phenologically-limited hosts may not persist at ecological margins as climate change continues. We highlight the potential role for phenological (a)synchrony in determining lability of consumer-resource associations at range margins, and the importance of considering causes of synchrony and success in biotic interactions when predicting range shifts.

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“…Insects and their parasitoids are an excellent system for studying the effects of climate change on species interactions (Hance et al, 2007; Jeffs & Lewis, 2013). Certain parasitoid life‐history traits, such as (1) age‐related vulnerability of host to successful parasitism, (2) high thermal sensitivity given the parasitoids' obligate ties to host thermal performance, and (3) high host specificity, make them particularly prone to desynchronization with host species (Abarca & Spahn, 2021; Hance et al, 2007). Furthermore, the duration of host vulnerability and degree of phenological synchrony have been suggested to influence local stability within host‐parasitoid systems (Tuda & Shimada, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of phenological mismatch under warming are modified by community context

Pardikes

Revilla

Lue

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Climate change is altering the relative timing of species interactions by shifting when species first appear in communities and modifying the duration organisms spend in each developmental stage. However, community contexts, such as intraspecific competition and alternative resource species, can prolong shortened windows of availability and may mitigate the effects of phenological shifts on species interactions. Using a combination of laboratory experiments and dynamic simulations, we quantified how the effects of phenological shifts in Drosophila–parasitoid interactions differed with concurrent changes in temperature, intraspecific competition, and the presence of alternative host species. Our study confirmed that warming shortens the window of host susceptibility. However, the presence of alternative host species sustained interaction persistence across a broader range of phenological shifts than pairwise interactions by increasing the degree of temporal overlap with suitable development stages between hosts and parasitoids. Irrespective of phenological shifts, parasitism rates declined under warming due to reduced parasitoid performance, which limited the ability of community context to manage temporally mismatched interactions. These results demonstrate that the ongoing decline in insect diversity may exacerbate the effects of phenological shifts in ecological communities under future global warming temperatures.

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Direct and indirect effects of altered temperature regimes and phenological mismatches on insect populations

Cited by 47 publications

References 73 publications

The presence of multiple parasitoids decreases host survival under warming, but parasitoid performance also decreases

The presence of multiple parasitoids decreases host survival under warming, but parasitoid performance also decreases

Climate-driven variation in biotic interactions provides a narrow and variable window of opportunity for an insect herbivore at its ecological margin

Effects of phenological mismatch under warming are modified by community context

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