Direct determination of trace metals in boron carbide by slurry introduction axial viewed inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Abstract

Ti, V and Zr in high purity boron carbide (B 4 C) using slurry introduction axial viewed inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) is described. The sample slurry was prepared by directly dispersing the powdery boron carbide in an aqueous solution without dispersant addition. The accuracy was verified by comparison of the results with those obtained by various other methods and the value of certified reference material ERM-ED 102 (boron carbide powder). Owing to a rather low contamination in the sample preparation and stability of the slurry, the LODs, which were in the range of 0.02-2 mg g À1 , were superior to those of the conventional nebulization ICP-OES technique or solid dc-OES.

Slurry nebulisation ICP-MS direct determination of high field strength elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf) in silicate rocks

“…An alternative technique based on the direct introduction of aqueous suspensions of nely powdered solids (5-10 mm), termed slurry nebulisation, has been successfully applied to the direct ICP optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analyses of refractory materials. [35][36][37][38][39] The slurry nebulisation technique offers unique advantages over other types of solid sample introduction methods such as laser ablation (LA) 40 or electrothermal evaporation (ETV) 41 because it has the potential for calibration with aqueous standards, together with essentially a conventional pneumatic sample introduction system. 42 Although ICP-MS typically presents a three-order of magnitude sensitivity and simple spectra better than those from ICP-OES, there are few reports [43][44][45] in the literature of slurry nebulisation in ICP-MS, probably due to its low intolerance for matrix effects owing to particle deposition on the sampler cone, and the consequent need to dilute that impairs the detection capability.…”

Analysis of rice and wheat flour by particle nebulization ICP-MS

“…25 Compared with the LA sampling technique, the advantage of slurry nebulization is that it has the potential for direct calibrations with conventional aqueous standards using a solution nebulization introduction system. 26 Some applications of slurry nebulization ICPoptical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) technique for the analysis of the geological and inorganic material samples are reported; [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] however, the matrix effects in ICP-MS are much more serious than the ICP-OES technique. Recently, we have tried to use the slurry nebulization ICP-MS technique to measure the high eld strength elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf) in silicate rocks.…”

Improvements in the direct analysis of advanced materials using ICP-based measurement techniques

“…Solid sampling techniques in combination with ICP-OES or ICP-MS have therefore been employed for the direct analysis of advanced materials, circumventing the problems associated with sample dissolution. Such sampling techniques include slurry nebulization (SN), 9,10 electrothermal vaporization (ETV), 11,12 and laser ablation (LA). 13,14 Briey, SN 15,16 and ETV 17,18 are widely used for the direct analysis of powdered materials, and allow the use of aqueous calibration standards for signal quantication.…”