Direct mechanical measurement of geodesic structures in rat mesenchymal stem cells

Maguire, Pierce; Kilpatrick, Jason I.; Kelly, G.; Prendergast, Peter M.; Campbell, Veronica A.; O’Connell, Brian; Jarvis, Suzanne P.

doi:10.2976/1.2781618

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The size of the cell model, including the proportion of nucleus, was based on confocal images of mesenchymal stem cells in our laboratory (Maguire et al 2007). The CSK-NSK structure was modelled as follows: microtubules modelled as struts, AFs modelled as cables and intermediate filaments (IFs) were combined in the CSK as part of a pre-stressed tensegrity structure.…”

Section: Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of membrane stiffness and cytoskeletal element density on mechanical stimuli within cells: an analysis of the consequences of ageing in cells

Xue

Lennon

McKayed

et al. 2013

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

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Section: Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of membrane stiffness and cytoskeletal element density on mechanical stimuli within cells: an analysis of the consequences of ageing in cells

Xue

Lennon

McKayed

et al. 2013

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

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“…Differences in matrix elasticity cause reactions to both cellular morphology and biochemical activity (Stamenovic and Wang, 2000;Maguire et al, 2007). For example, fi broblasts cultured on compliant substrates (e.g., low-crosslinked polyacrylamide or Matrigel) adopt a small rounded shape, are without F-actin stress fi bres, and present few and weak focal adhesion complexes (FACs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How can cells sense the elasticity of a substrate? An analysis using a cell tensegrity model

Santis

Lennon²,

Boschetti³

et al. 2011

eCM

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A eukaryotic cell attaches and spreads on substrates, whether it is the extracellular matrix naturally produced by the cell itself, or artifi cial materials, such as tissueengineered scaffolds. Attachment and spreading require the cell to apply forces in the nN range to the substrate via adhesion sites, and these forces are balanced by the elastic response of the substrate. This mechanical interaction is one determinant of cell morphology and, ultimately, cell phenotype. In this paper we use a fi nite element model of a cell, with a tensegrity structure to model the cytoskeleton of actin fi laments and microtubules, to explore the way cells sense the stiffness of the substrate and thereby adapt to it. To support the computational results, an analytical 1D model is developed for comparison. We fi nd that (i) the tensegrity hypothesis of the cytoskeleton is suffi cient to explain the matrix-elasticity sensing, (ii) cell sensitivity is not constant but has a bell-shaped distribution over the physiological matrix-elasticity range, and (iii) the position of the sensitivity peak over the matrix-elasticity range depends on the cytoskeletal structure and in particular on the F-actin organisation. Our model suggests that F-actin reorganisation observed in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in response to change of matrix elasticity is a structural-remodelling process that shifts the sensitivity peak towards the new value of matrix elasticity. This fi nding discloses a potential regulatory role of scaffold stiffness for cell differentiation.

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“…For contact mode imaging and force curve investigations on cells with AFM, low spring constant cantilevers are used (typical values are 0.02 to 0.1 N m −1 ) to avoid relatively high vertical forces. Dynamic modes can be used to image cells with small forces using higher spring constants . To ensure ideal conditions, live cell experiments should be performed in a controlled environment.…”

Section: Afm Studies Of Cell Mechanotransductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanics of Cells and Biomaterials Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy

Kilpatrick

Revenko

Rodriguez

2015

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The behavior and mechanical properties of cells are strongly dependent on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of their microenvironment. Thus, understanding the mechanical properties of cells, extracellular matrices, and biomaterials is key to understanding cell function and to develop new materials with tailored mechanical properties for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged as an indispensable technique for measuring the mechanical properties of biomaterials and cells with high spatial resolution and force sensitivity within physiologically relevant environments and timescales in the kPa to GPa elastic modulus range. The growing interest in this field of bionanomechanics has been accompanied by an expanding array of models to describe the complexity of indentation of hierarchical biological samples. Furthermore, the integration of AFM with optical microscopy techniques has further opened the door to a wide range of mechanotransduction studies. In recent years, new multidimensional and multiharmonic AFM approaches for mapping mechanical properties have been developed, which allow the rapid determination of, for example, cell elasticity. This Progress Report provides an introduction and practical guide to making AFM-based nanomechanical measurements of cells and surfaces for tissue engineering applications.

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Direct mechanical measurement of geodesic structures in rat mesenchymal stem cells

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of membrane stiffness and cytoskeletal element density on mechanical stimuli within cells: an analysis of the consequences of ageing in cells

Effect of membrane stiffness and cytoskeletal element density on mechanical stimuli within cells: an analysis of the consequences of ageing in cells

How can cells sense the elasticity of a substrate? An analysis using a cell tensegrity model

Nanomechanics of Cells and Biomaterials Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy

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