Direct Synthesis of Poly(potassium 3‐sulfopropyl methacrylate) Cylindrical Polymer Brushes via ATRP Using a Supramolecular Complex With Crown Ether

Xu, Youyong; Walther, Andreas; Müller, Axel H. E.

doi:10.1002/marc.201000157

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…3-Sulfopropyl methacrylate, potassium salt was used to prevent deactivation of the catalyst by complexation between the amine ligand and an acid monomer. To facilitate dissolution of the monomer salt, we utilized the method employed by Xu et al [29] in their work on solution-phase synthesis of SPMAK bottle brush polymers, which used a crown ether to coordinate with the potassium cation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic solvent systems avoid these undesired reactions, but the undissociated form of the monomer is needed for solubility, and the amine-based ligands commonly used in ATRP catalysts can form complexes with the undissociated acid monomer. An alternative method was described by Xu et al [29] for solution-phase ATRP, in which a crown ether is used to coordinate the cation (e.g., potassium ion) of the charged monomer to aid in dissolution of the monomer in an organic solvent (where Cu(I) disproportionation largely can be avoided) and to prevent acid-base complexation between the monomer and the catalyst ligand. In this work, we adopted this strategy for the first time use in surface-initiated ATRP of strong cation-exchange polyelectrolytes from membrane surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of high-productivity, strong cation-exchange adsorbers for protein capture by graft polymerization from membranes with different pore sizes

Chenette

Robinson

Hobley

et al. 2012

Journal of Membrane Science

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This paper describes the surface modification of macroporous membranes using ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization) to create cation-exchange adsorbers with high protein binding capacity at high product throughput. The work is motivated by the need for a more economical and rapid capture step in downstream processing of protein therapeutics. Membranes with three reported nominal pore sizes (0.2, 0.45, 1.0 μm) were modified with poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate, potassium salt) tentacles, to create a high density of protein binding sites. A special formulation was used in which the monomer was protected by a crown ether to enable surface-initiated ATRP of this cationic polyelectrolyte. Success with modification was supported by chemical analysis using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and indirectly by measurement of pure water flux as a function of polymerization time. Uniformity of modification within the membranes was visualized with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Static and dynamic binding capacities were measured using lysozyme protein to allow comparisons with reported performance data for commercial cation-exchange materials. Dynamic binding capacities were measured for flow rates ranging from 13 to 109 column volumes (CV)/min. Results show that this unique ATRP formulation can be used to fabricate cation-exchange membrane adsorbers with dynamic binding capacities as high as 70 mg/mL at a throughput of 100 CV/min and unprecedented productivity of 300 mg/mL/min.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of high-productivity, strong cation-exchange adsorbers for protein capture by graft polymerization from membranes with different pore sizes

Chenette

Robinson

Hobley

et al. 2012

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…Moreover, hybrid systems composed of covalently immobilized organic molecules and polymer brushes on silicon substrate via SiC are desirable, because of the stability of the SiC bonds . High‐density polymer brushes have been attached on silicon surfaces via controlled/living radical polymerizations, including nitroxide‐mediated polymerization (NMP), atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), single electron transfer living radical polymerization (SET‐LRP), and reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization . In the RAFT polymerization, the chain transfer agent (CTA) is immobilized via the leaving and reinitiating group (R group), resulting in a “grafting from” procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of dual-functional poly(6-azidohexylmethacrylate) brushes by a RAFT agent carrying carboxylic acid end groups

Cimen

Yıldırım

Çaykara

2015

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Novel types of dual‐functional surface‐attached polymer brushes were developed by interface‐mediated reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of 6‐azidohexylmethacrylate using the surface‐immobilized RAFT agent and the free initiator. The interface‐mediated RAFT polymerization produced silicon substrate coated with dual‐functional (azido groups from monomer and carboxylic acid groups from RAFT agent) poly(6‐azidohexylmethacrylate) [poly (AHMA)] with a grafting density as high as 0.59 chains/nm2. Dual‐functional polymer brushes can represent an attractive chemical platform to deliberately introduce other molecular units at specific sites. The azido groups of the poly(AHMA) brushes can be modified with alkyl groups via click reaction, known for their DNA hybridization, while the carboxylic acid end groups can be reacted with amine groups via amide reaction, known for their antifouling properties. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1696–1706

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“…This polymer brush coating has previously been utilized for a number of applications including the support of lipid bilayers, polyelectrolyte brushes, and hybrid monolithic columns for chromatographic separation. 40 − 42 This material is of particular interest for cell culture applications because of the surface charge carried by the polymer brush. These charged surfaces have previously been shown to inhibit cell adhesion by negatively interacting with the charges in the cell membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Arrangement of Neuronal Cells on Surfaces Functionalized with Micropatterned Polymer Brushes

et al. 2018

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Conventional in vitro cultures are useful to represent simplistic neuronal behavior; however, the lack of organization results in random neurite spreading. To overcome this problem, control over the directionality of SH-SY5Y cells was attained, utilizing photolithography to pattern the cell-repulsive anionic brush poly(potassium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PKSPMA) into tracks of 20, 40, 80, and 100 μm width. These data validate the use of PKSPMA brush coatings for a long-term culture of the SH-SY5Y cells, as well as providing a methodology by which the precise deposition of PKSPMA can be utilized to achieve a targeted control over the SH-SY5Y cells. Specifically, the PKSPMA brush patterns prevented cell attachment, allowing the SH-SY5Y cells to grow only on noncoated glass (gaps of 20, 50, 75, and 100 μm width) at different cell densities (5000, 10 000, and 15 000 cells/cm2). This research demonstrates the importance of achieving cell directionality in vitro, while these simplistic models could provide new platforms to study complex neuron–neuron interactions.

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Direct Synthesis of Poly(potassium 3‐sulfopropyl methacrylate) Cylindrical Polymer Brushes via ATRP Using a Supramolecular Complex With Crown Ether

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Development of high-productivity, strong cation-exchange adsorbers for protein capture by graft polymerization from membranes with different pore sizes

Development of high-productivity, strong cation-exchange adsorbers for protein capture by graft polymerization from membranes with different pore sizes

Synthesis of dual-functional poly(6-azidohexylmethacrylate) brushes by a RAFT agent carrying carboxylic acid end groups

Controlled Arrangement of Neuronal Cells on Surfaces Functionalized with Micropatterned Polymer Brushes

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