“…Photochemical reactions induced by irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light are utilized in a large variety of applications such as surface cleaning, − antiviral and bactericidal surface disinfection, air and water purification, − photochemical surface modification, − wettability alteration, − material deposition, − surface charging, − photolithography, , and the patterning of self-assembled monolayers. − The photopatterning of polymer layers due to photoisomerization reactions of azobenzene groups has been studied intensively. − …”