Discovery of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6 variants with glycosyltransferases synthesizing two differing repeating units.

Oliver, Melissa B.; Linden, Mark P. G. van der; Küntzel, Sharon A.; Saad, Jamil S.; Nahm, Moon H.

doi:10.1074/jbc.a113.480152

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…At least 95 different pneumococcal serotypes are known, each with a biochemically distinct CPS. The most recent descriptions include serotypes 6E (Ko et al ., ), 6F and 6G (Oliver et al ., 2013a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae as a predictor of post‐vaccination emerging serotypes colonizing the human nasopharynx

Domenech

Araújo‐Bazán

Garcı́a

et al. 2014

Environmental Microbiology

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The increasing use of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has been accompanied by the rise of non-vaccine serotypes colonizing the human nasopharynx. The vast majority of infections are caused by microorganisms that grow in biofilms. It has recently been shown that the formation of Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilms in vivo and in vitro is hindered by the presence of capsular polysaccharide. The biofilm-forming capacity of pneumococcal clinical isolates with different types of capsular polysaccharide and various isogenic transformants was examined. Strains of serotypes 19A and 19F, but not 19B and 19C, formed ≥ 80% of the quantity of biofilm associated with a non-encapsulated control strain. Strains of serogroup 6 also showed significant biofilm-forming capacity. The capsules of serotypes 19A and 19F, and serogroup 6 contain the disaccharides α-D-Glcp-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ and α-D-Glcp-(1→3)-α-L-Rhap-(1→. Serotype 18A and serotypes 18B/18C have very similar capsular disaccharides: α-D-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-β-L-Rhap-(1→ and α-D-Glcp-(1→3)-β-L-Rhap-(1→ respectively. However, the strains of serogroup 18 showed impaired biofilm formation. These results indicate that the chemical composition/structure of the capsular polysaccharide is crucial to the biofilm-forming capacity of pneumococcal serotypes. Testing of the in vitro biofilm-forming ability of isogenic transformants expressing different capsular polysaccharides may help predict the emergence of colonizing, non-vaccine serotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae as a predictor of post‐vaccination emerging serotypes colonizing the human nasopharynx

Domenech

Araújo‐Bazán

Garcı́a

et al. 2014

Environmental Microbiology

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“…With respect to the latter scenario, the clearance rates of capsular polysaccharides of the pneumococcus derived from 12 different serotypes of the pneumococcus were found to vary by a factor of 250 in rabbits and rats . Somewhat more speculatively, additional mechanisms include persistent antigenaemia due to within‐serotype mutations of genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of capsular polysaccharides, as has been reported to occur in variants of serotype 6 of the pneumococcus .…”

Section: Persistent Inflammation Following Clinical Recovery From Pnementioning

confidence: 94%

“… —Immunogenicity of the capsular serotype of the pneumococcus, magnitude of bacteraemia and impact on rate of clearance of the pathogen —Propensity to produce pneumolysin and intramyocardial biofilm, enabling persistence in cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts and macrophages ; —Propensity to survive intracellularly in CD169 + splenic macrophages, M2‐polarized macrophages and dendritic cells ; —Persistence of pneumococcal antigens in pathogen‐derived extracellular vesicles ; —Persistence due to capsular switching . …”

Section: Persistent Inflammation Following Clinical Recovery From Pnementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis and prevention of risk of cardiovascular events in patients with pneumococcal community‐acquired pneumonia

et al. 2019

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It is now well recognized that cardiovascular events (CVE) occur quite commonly, both in the acute phase and in the long‐term, in patients with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). CVE have been noted in up to 30% of patients hospitalized with all‐cause CAP. One systematic review and meta‐analysis of hospitalized patients with all‐cause CAP noted that the incidence rates for overall cardiac events were 17.7%, for incident heart failure were 14.1%, for acute coronary syndromes were 5.3% and for incident cardiac arrhythmias were 4.7%. In the case of pneumococcal CAP, almost 20% of patients studied had one or more of these cardiac events. Recent research has provided insights into the pathogenesis of the acute cardiac events occurring in pneumococcal infections. With respect to the former, key involvements of the major pneumococcal protein virulence factor, pneumolysin, are now well documented, whilst systemic platelet‐driven neutrophil activation may also contribute. However, events involved in the pathogenesis of the long‐term cardiovascular sequelae remain largely unexplored. Emerging evidence suggests that persistent antigenaemia may predispose to the development of a systemic pro‐inflammatory/prothrombotic phenotype underpinning the risk of future cardiovascular events. The current manuscript briefly reviews the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with all‐cause CAP, as well as in pneumococcal and influenza infections. It highlights the close interaction between influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia. It also includes a brief discussion of mechanisms of the acute cardiac events in CAP. However, the primary focus is on the prevalence, pathogenesis and prevention of the longer‐term cardiac sequelae of severe pneumococcal disease, particularly in the context of persistent antigenaemia and associated inflammation.

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“…These include 3,085 isolates from a continuous mother-infant carriage study in the Mae La refugee camp, Thailand Chewapreecha et al, 2014), 616 isolates from children carriage in Massachusetts (Croucher et al, 2013), and 605 isolates from the Pneumococcal Molecular Epidemiology Network of three different lineages: PMEN1 (Croucher et al, 2011), PMEN2 (Croucher et al, 2014b), and PMEN14 (Croucher et al, 2014a). We also included 45 sequences of serogroup 6 and 19 isolates from invasive disease from The Netherlands (Elberse et al, 2011), 92 reference sequences (Bentley et al, 2006;Park et al, 2007;Bratcher et al, 2011;Oliver et al, 2013), and a set of 25 reference genomes of S. pneumoniae as found in the European Nucleotide Archive www.ebi.ac.uk/genomes/bacteria.html.…”

Section: Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent recombination of pneumococcal capsule highlights future risks of emergence of novel serotypes

Mostowy

Croucher

Maio

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Capsular diversity of Streptococcus pneumoniae constitutes a major obstacle in eliminating the pneumococcal disease. Such diversity is genetically encoded by almost 100 variants of the capsule polysaccharide locus (cps). However, the evolutionary dynamics of the capsule -the target of the currently used vaccinesremains not fully understood. Here, using genetic data from 4,469 bacterial isolates, we found cps to be an evolutionary hotspot with elevated substitution and recombination rates. These rates were a consequence of altered selection at this locus, supporting the hypothesis that the capsule has an increased potential to generate novel diversity compared to the rest of the genome. Analysis of twelve serogroups revealed their complex evolutionary history, which was principally driven by recombination with other serogroups and other streptococci. We observed significant variation in recombination rates between different serogroups.This variation could only be partially explained by the lineage-specific recombination rate, the remaining factors being likely driven by serogroup-specific ecology and epidemiology. Finally, we discovered two previously unobserved mosaic serotypes in the densely sampled collection from Mae La, Thailand, here termed 10X and 21X. Our results thus emphasise the strong adaptive potential of the bacterium by its ability to generate novel serotypes by recombination.

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Discovery of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6 variants with glycosyltransferases synthesizing two differing repeating units.

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

In vitro biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae as a predictor of post‐vaccination emerging serotypes colonizing the human nasopharynx

In vitro biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae as a predictor of post‐vaccination emerging serotypes colonizing the human nasopharynx

Pathogenesis and prevention of risk of cardiovascular events in patients with pneumococcal community‐acquired pneumonia

Frequent recombination of pneumococcal capsule highlights future risks of emergence of novel serotypes

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