Discrimination among Three Species of Medicinal <i>Scutellaria</i> Plants using RAPD Markers

Hosokawa, Keizo; Minami, Motoyasu; Kawahara, Kazuhito; Nakamura, Ikuo; Sato, Toshiro

doi:10.1055/s-2000-8557

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The HCA and PCA has already been used for discrimination of crude drugs possessing various morphological, 25) chemical 26,27) and genetic characteristics. 28) Together with chemical quality analysis, a pharmacological study is also an important and useful approach to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a new medicinal resource. The result shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Roots Cultivated in Eastern Nei-Meng-Gu of China

Yamamoto

Majima

Saiki

et al. 2003

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Recent environmentally irresponsible over-collection of wild Glycyrrhiza plants, which produce a well-known medicinal licorice (Glycyrrhizae Radix, , Gancao in Chinese and Kanzo in Japanese), is one of the factors inducing desertification. It is reported that the World Health Organization (WHO) plans to introduce Good Field Collection Practice (GFCP) to conserve the natural environment. In 2000, the Chinese government imposed restrictions on the collection of wild Glycyrrhiza plants. Gancao is most frequently used in a famous traditional Chinese medical formulary Shan-HanLun ( ) 2) and has been used for allergic-inflammatory, gastrointestinal and liver disorders in both traditional Chinese and modern medicine. 3,4) With the increasing demand for Gancao and the decline of wild Glycyrrhiza resources, cultivated Glycyrrhiza roots have attracted attention as an additional source of Gancao. This growing interest in a new cultivated source requires a clarification of the equivalency between the cultivated Glycyrrhiza roots and concurrent Gancao. We previously reported on glycyrrhizin (GL)-content in G. uralensis roots cultivated in the eastern Nei-Meng-Gu ( ) of China, which is the habitat of G. uralensis and the major source of Dongbei-Gancao ( , Tohoku-Kanzo in Japanese).5) It was the first report that the GL-content of 4-year-old G. uralensis adventitious roots 6) exceeds the Japanese Pharmacopoeia XIV (JP XIV) standard (2.5% or more). Our cultivation study has been continued and we have obtained higher GL-content and yield of roots as well as adequate ingredients-composition similar to concurrent medicinal Gancao prepared from wild G. uralensis roots.In the present study, we describe the pharmaceutical properties of the cultivated G. uralensis roots. The overall gross similarities in chemical ingredients between the cultivated roots and Dongbei-, Xibei-( , Seihoku-Kanzo in Japanese), Xinjiang-Gancao ( , Shinkyo-Kanzo in Japanese) and wild G. uralensis roots were examined by comparing the HPLC fingerprints (chromatograms) including the GL peak. The analysis of HPLC fingerprints was further examined quantitatively by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). In addition to the chemical study, pharmacological and pharmacokinetical studies play an important role to assure safety and effective clinical use of a new medicinal candidate. The pharmacological properties were examined using IgE-mediated triphasic skin reaction in mice.7) The plasma concentration-time profile of glycyrrhetic acid (GA), an antiallergic 8) metabolite biotransformed from GL by intestinal bacteria, was also examined. MATERIALS AND METHODSCultivated G. uralensis Roots and Comparative Samples As shown in Fig. 1, 4-and 5-year-old roots cultivated in the same field in eastern Nei-Meng-Gu as in the previous report 5) were used. The botanical origin of the cultivated plant was identified previously 5) to be G. uralensis by referring to the morphological characteristics of flowers and fruits described.9) The same Dongb...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Roots Cultivated in Eastern Nei-Meng-Gu of China

Yamamoto

Majima

Saiki

et al. 2003

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…The most common uses of the technique for scientific and commercial purposes include the discrimination among species for post-harvest purposes (HOSOKAWA et al, 2000), identification of crop cultivars to settle lawsuits (CONGIU et al, 2000), marker assisted selection establishment of phylogenetic position of natural populations (SGORBATI et al, 2004;TSUJI & OHNISHI, 2001;VICCINI et al, 2004), certification of lack of polymorphism between in vitro and conventionally propagated plant stands (HAO et al, 2004;LAIA et al, 2000;SALVI et al, 2002), and determination of genetic variation in wild and cultivated populations (BIRMETA et al, 2004;GUSTAFSON et al, 1999;SONNANTE et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of elephantgrass accessions through RAPD markers

Passos¹,

Machado

Vidigal

et al. 2005

Ciênc. agrotec.

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Elephantgrass pastures are limited by yield variations and reductions in forage quality and availability, thus making the search for genotypes with reduced seasonality a major concern. In order to verify the extent of genetic variability among contrasting cultivars, ten elephantgrass accessions were analyzed through DNA amplification by RAPD technique. A total of 160 DNA bands were generated with the use of 44 random primers and 23% of these bands were monomorphic for all accessions. Gel-obtained binary data (1 for presence and 0 for absence) were used for generating a genetic distance matrix, which was utilized in a UPGMA grouping analysis. Elephantgrass cultivars Cameroon and Vruckwona were the accessions mostly divergent from the others, with an average genetic distance of 0.34. The accessions with the lowest average genetic distances from the others were Pioneiro and CNPGL 27-5, both with a distance of 0.25. Overall, genetic distances ranged from 0.06 to 0.43, indicating little genetic variability for the set of accessions, despite the contrasting morphology of the studied genotypes.Index terms: molecular markers, elephantgrass, RAPD, DNA. RESUMOO cultivo do capim-elefante é limitado por variações na produção de biomassa e por reduções na qualidade e disponibilidade de forragem, tornando prioritária a busca de genótipos com menor sazonalidade de produção. Para verificar a extensão da variabilidade genética entre cultivares contrastantes, 10 acessos foram analisados via amplificação do DNA pela técnica RAPD. Foram utilizados 44 primers aleatórios, que produziram um total de 160 bandas de DNA, sendo que 23% das bandas analisadas foram monomórficas para todos os acessos. Os dados binários, originados dos géis (1-presença, 0-ausência), foram utilizados para gerar uma matriz de distâncias genéticas, que foi utilizada para uma análise de agrupamento segundo o método da média das distâncias (UPGMA). Os acessos mais divergentes dos demais foram Cameroon e Vruckwona, com distâncias genéticas médias de 0,34. Os acessos com menores distâncias genéticas médias dos demais foram Pioneiro e CNPGL 27-5, ambos com uma distância genética média de 0,25. As distâncias genéticas, considerando todas as análises, variaram de 0,06 a 0,43, indicando uma variabilidade genética pouco acentuada, embora os acessos estudados sejam bastante contrastantes em relação à morfologia e fisiologia. Termos para indexação:Marcadores moleculares, Capim-Elefante, RAPD, DNA.

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“…The accessions MCB-405 had the highest specific alleles (33) and almost all the primers amplified specific allele in this accession. Identification and authentication of genotypes based on the presence of specific alleles have been reported in many medicinal plant species (Hosokawa et al 2000;Negi et al 2006;Khan et al 2009) including Chlorophytum species (Katoch et al 2010). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of genetic diversity of a critically endangered important medicinal plant Chlorophytum borivilianum in Central India revealed by AFLP markers

Tripathi

Saini

Nair

et al. 2012

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Chlorophytum borivilianum is a traditional medicinal plant distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. In the present investigation, AFLP analysis was used to assess the genetic similarity among 34 accessions. Nine primer sets of AFLP amplified 612 fragments, of which 246 fragments were found to be polymorphic. The average number of polymorphic bands per AFLP primer pair was 27.33. The amplified fragments ranged from 50 base pairs to 600 base pairs. Significant correlation was observed between total number of amplified fragments and polymorphic bands (p>0.05) per primers. Cluster analysis based on AFLP data revealed limited genetic variation within the thirty four accessions collected from various parts of Central Indian forests.

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Discrimination among Three Species of Medicinal Scutellaria Plants using RAPD Markers

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Roots Cultivated in Eastern Nei-Meng-Gu of China

Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Roots Cultivated in Eastern Nei-Meng-Gu of China

Molecular characterization of elephantgrass accessions through RAPD markers

Lack of genetic diversity of a critically endangered important medicinal plant Chlorophytum borivilianum in Central India revealed by AFLP markers

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