Diseases Diagnosed in Gray Foxes (Urocyon Cinereoargenteus) From the Southeastern United States

Davidson, William R.; Nettles, Victor F.; Hayes, Lynn; Howerth, Elizabeth W.; Couvillion, C. E.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-28.1.28

Cited by 65 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…This is especially true for distemper and paroviruses, which are often enzootic and can cause high rates of juvenile mortality [46,47]. While it is unclear what portion of young raccoons were exposed to these pathogens in this study, ca 25 per cent of age class I raccoons (6 -14 months) were seropositive to FPV, and ca 40 per cent were seropositive to CDV suggesting relatively high rates of early exposure, since many young individuals probably do not survive the initial exposure event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability and viral seroconversion in an outcrossing vertebrate population

2010

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Inverse correlations between genetic variability and parasitism are important concerns for conservation biologists. We examined correlations between neutral genetic variability and the presence of antibodies to canine distemper virus (CDV) and feline parvovirus (FPV) in a free-ranging population of raccoons. Over 3 years there was a strong relationship between age and seroprevalence rates. Most young animals were seronegative to CDV and FPV, but the oldest age class was greater than 80 per cent seropositive to both viruses. CDV-seropositive animals had greater heterozygosity and lower measures of inbreeding compared with CDV-seronegative animals. This relationship was strongest among the youngest animals and did not occur during a 1 year CDV epidemic. In contrast, FPV-seropositive animals only had significantly lower measures of inbreeding in 1 year, perhaps because FPV-associated mortality is relatively low or primarily occurs among very young individuals that were under-represented in our sampling. These results suggest that even in large outcrossing populations, animals with lower heterozygosity and higher measures of inbreeding are less likely to successfully mount an immune response when challenged by highly pathogenic parasites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability and viral seroconversion in an outcrossing vertebrate population

2010

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“…Cellular and humoral immunity are suppressed or inhibited by damage to the lymph organs, with lymphocyte loss and leukocytopenia in dogs with CDV [17], and affected animals become highly susceptible to other opportunistic infectious diseases, such as toxoplasmosis [10], cryptosporidiosis [10], yersiniosis [6] and listeriosis [6]. Canine intes- tinal coccidiosis causes diarrhea, and is a common cause of infections in puppies, young dogs and immunosuppressed dogs, although healthy animals typically show no clinical signs [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Distemper Virus Infection in Fennec Fox (Vulpes zerda)

Woo

Jho²,

Bak

2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Fifteen 8-month-old fennec foxes imported from Sudan showed fever, mucopurulent ocular discharge, diarrhea, severe emaciation, seizures, and generalized ataxia, and died. Three of the 15 animals were presented for diagnostic investigation. Severe dehydration, brain congestion, and gastric ulcers were observed in all animals. In one animal, the lungs had failed to collapse and were multifocally dark red in appearance. Histopathologically, there were lymphohistiocytic meningoencephalitis with malacia, mild interstitial pneumonia, lymphoid depletion of lymphoid tissues and organs, and intestinal villous atrophy with intralesional coccidia. There were many intracytoplasmic and/or intranuclear inclusion bodies in the epithelial cells of the medullary velum, lungs, liver, kidneys, trachea, pancreas, stomach, gall bladder, urinary bladder, and ureters, and in macrophages of malacia foci and lymphocytes and macrophages of lymphoid organs. Additionally, intestinal coccidia were confirmed to be Isospora species by a fecal test. To our knowledge, this is the first report of canine distemper with intestinal coccidiosis in fennec fox.

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“…Ticks are known to cause tick paralysis in gray foxes (Jessup, 1979;Davidson et al, 1992b), and Ixodes spp. harbor Lyme disease spirochaetes (Isogai et al, 1994) that can cause lethargy, anorexia, and arthritis in canids (Wall and Shearer, 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ectoparasites of the Island Fox on Santa Cruz Island

Crooks

Scott

Angeloni

et al. 2001

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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The ectoparasite fauna for island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) on Santa Cruz Island (California, USA) in April (wet season) and September (dry season) 1998 was evaluated. Three taxa of ectoparasites were identified. These were fleas (Pulex irritans), lice (Neotrichodectes mephitidis), and ticks (Ixodes pacificus). Ectoparasite abundances varied seasonally. Typical of insular endemic species, island foxes may be especially vulnerable to the introduction of novel disease organisms and their vectors.

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Diseases Diagnosed in Gray Foxes (Urocyon Cinereoargenteus) From the Southeastern United States

Cited by 65 publications

References 1 publication

Genetic variability and viral seroconversion in an outcrossing vertebrate population

Genetic variability and viral seroconversion in an outcrossing vertebrate population

Canine Distemper Virus Infection in Fennec Fox (Vulpes zerda)

Ectoparasites of the Island Fox on Santa Cruz Island

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