Disinfection by-products in drinking water: critical issues in health effects research.

Fawell, John; Robinson, Denise; Bull, Richard J.; Birnbaum, Linda S.; Boorman, Gary A.; Butterworth, Byron E.; Daniel, Phillippe A.; Galal-Gorchev, H; Hauchman, Fred S.; Julkunen, Paivi; Klaassen, Curtis D.; Krasner, Stuart W.; Orme‐Zavaleta, Jennifer; Reif, John S.; Tardiff, Robert G.

doi:10.1289/ehp.97105108

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Nearly at the same time, MIL-96 (Al) was applied into defluoridation by another research group, [81] and it can work in a wide pH range (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10), with the low concentration of fluoride (equilibrium concentration of 1.5 mg•L 1 ) and alumina residual (below safe limit in drinking water). Moreover, there was no significant influence on fluoride removal by MIL-96 (Al) in the presence of chloride, nitrate, sulfate, bicarbonate and phosphate.…”

Section: The Removal Of Inorganic Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] Concerning about their potential health effects on human beings, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of a variety of contaminants in drinking water. [1][2][3][4] Concerning about their potential health effects on human beings, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of a variety of contaminants in drinking water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Purification: Adsorption over Metal‐Organic Frameworks

et al. 2016

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Water pollution relating to human beings' health is a universal problem across community society. Highly efficient, economically feasible and easily achievable approaches are long-sought-after for water purification. Adsorption processes with porous materials (e.g. zeolites, activated carbon, silica gel, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)) have drawn much attention in this field during past decades. In it, MOFs with numerous active sites, uniform porosity and tailorable structure diversity are arising to be one of the most promising adsorbents for water purification. During the adsorption processes, influence factors that determine or affect the usability and performances of MOFs are mainly focused on the stability of MOFs, their affinity for contaminants and the conducting conditions (pH, initial concentration of the contaminants). In this review, we will systematically present the performances of MOFs (mainly focused on MOF crystals, MOF nanomaterial or MOF composites will be beyond the scope of this review) for contaminants purification (inorganic and organic contaminants) in water and give a detailed discussion about the connection among their performances, conducting condition factors and potential interaction mechanisms (e.g. electrostatic interactions, coordination or p-p interaction). We hope this review will be beneficial to the design, regeneration and reuse of MOF adsorbents and promote the development of MOFs for water purification.

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Section: The Removal Of Inorganic Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Purification: Adsorption over Metal‐Organic Frameworks

et al. 2016

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“…Chlorination is a conventional method of drinking water disinfecting. However, residual chlorine in drinking water can cause the formation of potentially carcinogenic halogenated by-products (1). Also, chlorine-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, such as the cysts of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia, present obstacles to the effective use of chlorination (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Irradiation with Different Wavelengths of Ultraviolet Light has Synergistic Bactericidal Effect on Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Nakahashi

Mawatari

Hirata

et al. 2014

Photochem & Photobiology

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Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is an increasingly used method of water disinfection. UV rays can be classified by wavelength into UVA (320-400 nm), UVB (280-320 nm), and UVC (<280 nm). We previously developed UVA sterilization equipment with a UVA light-emitting diode (LED). The aim of this study was to establish a new water disinfection procedure using the combined irradiation of the UVA-LED and another UV wavelength. An oxidative DNA product, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), increased after irradiation by UVA-LED alone, and the level of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) was increased by UVC alone in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Although sequential irradiation of UVA-LED and UVC-induced additional bactericidal effects, simultaneous irradiation with UVA-LED and UVC-induced bactericidal synergistic effects. The 8-OHdG and CPDs production showed no differences between sequential and simultaneous irradiation. Interestingly, the recovery of CPDs was delayed by simultaneous irradiation. The synergistic effect was absent in SOS response-deficient mutants, such as the recA and lexA strains. Because recA- and lexA-mediated SOS responses have crucial roles in a DNA repair pathway, the synergistic bactericidal effect produced by the simultaneous irradiation could depend on the suppression of the CPDs repair. The simultaneous irradiation of UVA-LED and UVC is a candidate new procedure for effective water disinfection.

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“…Of the disinfection by-products, there are over 400 potential chemical species (Fawell et al, 1997;Krasner, 1999), but like pathogens, these hazards are grouped into several major classes (Table 3). The first DBPs reported in drinking water were trihalomethanes (THMs) (Bellar et al, 1974;Rook, 1974).…”

Section: Hazard Identification (Key Pathogens and Disinfection By-promentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk analysis of drinking water microbial contamination versus disinfection by-products (DBPs)

Ashbolt

2004

Toxicology

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Disinfection by-products in drinking water: critical issues in health effects research.

Abstract: The opinions expressed herein are those of the individual workshop participants and are not necessarily the views of their respective organizations. A full report of the workshop is available through ILSI at 202/659-3306 or hesi@dc.ilsi.org.

Cited by 29 publications

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Water Purification: Adsorption over Metal‐Organic Frameworks

Water Purification: Adsorption over Metal‐Organic Frameworks

Simultaneous Irradiation with Different Wavelengths of Ultraviolet Light has Synergistic Bactericidal Effect on Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Risk analysis of drinking water microbial contamination versus disinfection by-products (DBPs)

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