Disseminated <i>Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus</i> in a Persistently Infected Alpaca (<i>Vicugna Pacos</i>) Cria

Byers, Stacey R.; Snekvik, Kevin; Righter, Daniel J.; Evermann, James F.; Bradway, Daniel S.; Parish, Steven M.; Barrington, George M.

doi:10.1177/104063870902100125

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…BVDV is closely related to the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and the ovine border disease virus (BDV) [7]. The pestiviral genome consists of a single stranded positive sense RNA with a length of about 12.3 kb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of a bovine viral diarrhea virus from sika deer in china

Gao

Wang

et al. 2011

Virol J

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BackgroundBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections continue to cause significantly losses in the deer population. Better isolation and identification of BVDV from sika deer may contribute significantly to the development of prophylactic therapeutic, and diagnostic reagents as well as help in prevention and control of BVDV. However, isolation and identification of BVDV from sika deer is seldom reported in literature. In this study, we collected some samples according to clinical sign of BVDV to isolation and identification of BVDV from sika deer.Resultswe isolated a suspected BVDV strain from livers of an aborted fetus from sika deer in Changchun (China) using MDBK cell lines, named as CCSYD strain, and identified it by cytopathic effect (CPE), indirect immunoperoxidase test (IPX) and electron microscopy(EM). The results indicated that this virus was BVDV by a series of identification. The structural proteins E0 gene was cloned and sequenced. The obtained E0 gene sequence has been submitted to GenBank with the accession number: FJ555203. Alignment with other 9 strains of BVDV, 7 strains of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and 3 strains of border disease virus(BDV) in the world, showed that the homology were 98.6%-84.8%, 76.0%-74.7%, 76.6%-77.0% for nucleotide sequence, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that new isolation and identification CCSYD strain belonged to BVDV1b.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that BVDV was isolated and identified in sika deer. This current research contributes development new BVDV vaccine to prevent and control of BVD in sika deer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of a bovine viral diarrhea virus from sika deer in china

Gao

Wang

et al. 2011

Virol J

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“…Reports of BVDV isolation and identification of persistent infections in alpacas have prompted increased interest in BVDV infections in camelids, and BVDV is now considered an emerging pathogen of NWC. 80 The first description of a PI alpaca was made in Canada following natural exposure of a pregnant alpaca to a chronically ill cria. 81 From the PI cria, a BVDV 1b strain was isolated from buffy coat cells on different occasions before euthanasia of this animal.…”

Section: Bvdv In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several cases of PI alpacas have since been reported in North America and the United Kingdom. 80,82,83 PI alpacas may survive for several months but are affected by low birthweight, failure to thrive, inappetence, lethargy, chronic diarrhea, and chronic recurrent infections especially of the respiratory tract. In OWC, reproductive disease including abortion, stillbirth, weak calves, early neonatal death, and neonatal hemorrhagic disease have also been reported.…”

Section: Bvdv In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…86 In contrast, in reports from North America and the United Kingdom in which the subgenotype of the infecting isolate was determined, all isolates belonged to BVDV 1b. [80][81][82] A study analyzed 46 BVDV isolates from over 12 000 North American alpacas and classified all isolates as noncytopathic strains of subgenotype 1b with 99% or more nucleotide homology in the 5′-UTR. 83 Two explanations for this apparent predominance of BVDV 1b in NWC have been proposed: first, exposures of alpacas to BVDV are rare and spread of the existing BVDV 1b strain is by extensive movement of a few PI animals; or, second, only unique 1b subgenotypes are able to establish transplacental infections in alpacas.…”

Section: Bvdv In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Infectious Agents

Passler

2014

Bovine Reproduction

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“…PI animals are pivotal in the epidemiology of the disease (Byers et al, 2009) because they disseminate not only the ncpBVDV which they harbour, but also the cp BVDV derived by mutation. These PI animals must be eliminated from the herd as soon as possible.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Viral Diarrhea-an Emerging Disease in Camelids a Review

Wernery¹

2012

American Journal of Virology

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Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) is an emerging disease in both New World Camelids (NWCs) and Old World Camelids (OWCs). The virus has been isolated from NWCs particularly in alpacas and dromedaries, but there are no reports of BVD in Bactrians. BVD is an important infectious disease. Both sub-genotypes 1a, 1b and genotype 2 have been isolated from NWCs but the ncp BVDV 1b is primarily implicated in cases of BVD in NWCs. A BVD strain unique to camelids has not yet been isolated. In NWCs virtually all infections have been caused by the non-cytopathic (ncp) BVDV, Persistently infected crias have also been detected. Llamas and alpacas demonstrate clinical signs such as ill thrift, diarrhea, respiratory ailments and abortions. As in bovines, identification and elimination of PI animals, has the highest priority to avoid infection of the entire herd. BVD was also observed in dromedaries and interestingly, both genotypes of the Pestivirus, BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, were isolated from dromedaries in Egypt. Both isolates revealed a cytopathic effect (cpe) and so far no ncp virus has been isolated from dromedaries. Also in dromedaries, BVD infections caused intrauterine death, stillbirth, weak calf syndrome with congenital deformities, neonatal respiratory disorders in young dromedary calves and acute hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in adult dromedaries. So far, no PI dromedaries have been described.

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Disseminated Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in a Persistently Infected Alpaca (Vicugna Pacos) Cria

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Isolation and identification of a bovine viral diarrhea virus from sika deer in china

Isolation and identification of a bovine viral diarrhea virus from sika deer in china

Infectious Agents

Bovine Viral Diarrhea-an Emerging Disease in Camelids a Review

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