Dissemination of cfr-mediated linezolid resistance among Staphylococcus species isolated from a teaching hospital in Beijing, China

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to report the dissemination of cfr and fexA genes mediated by linezolid resistance among Staphylococcus species.MethodsThree methicillin-resistant staphylococci that were collected from a teaching hospital in Beijing were identified as linezolid-resistant. These three staphylococci were Staphylococcus aureus, S. haemolyticus, and S. cohnii. Mutations in domain V of 23S ribosomal RNA, ribosomal proteins, and the cfr, fexA, and optrA genes were analysed.ResultsThe three isolates had no mutations of 23S ribosomal RNA, but showed mutations in the cfr and fexA genes. Mutations in the gene for ribosomal protein L3, which resulted in the amino acid exchanges Gly108Glu, Ser158Phe, and Asp159Tyr, were identified in S. cohnii X4535.ConclusionsThis is the first report of the cfr gene in clinical linezolid-resistant methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolated from Beijing. L3 mutations coupled with the cfr and fexA genes may act synergistically. Potential transmissibility of this agent, even without prior exposure to linezolid, may have serious epidemiological repercussions.

Molecular detection of chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance (cfr) genes among linezolid resistant MRSA isolates in Sokoto State, Nigeria

“…The finding that most (66.7%) of the cfr positive LR-MRSA strains exhibited the clindamycin, chloramphenicol and linezolid resistance phenotype validates previous suggestions that the phenotype is an indicator for the likely presence of the cfr gene 29 . Our findings identify with several previously reported cfr distribution of 100% by [30][31][32] amongst LR-MRSA but contradicts the results of lower rates of 6.25% and 7.1% reported by 29,33 . The observed contrasts among these studies might be due to variations in sampling technique and phenotypic confirmatory methods 30 .…”

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) Obtained From Nares of Patients and Staff of Sokoto State-Owned Hospitals in Nigeria

“…Its effectiveness may be connected to the fact that, as opposed to the other antibiotics used in this study, linezolid is not routinely prescribed or administered. Conversely, resistance to linezolid observed in this study may have been mediated through ribosomal mutations (23SrRNA) or methylation of 23SrRNA by the horizontally transferred Cfr plasmidborne ribosomal methyltransferase [56]. The increased incidence of multi-resistant strains observed in this study may be due to the included study centres being secondary healthcare centres, and patients from adjoining districts and even villages are admitted for treatment.…”

Prevalence, risk-factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) obtained from nares of patients and staff of Sokoto state-owned hospitals in Nigeria

“…Its effectiveness may be connected to the fact that, as opposed to the other antibiotics used in this study, linezolid is not routinely prescribed or administered. Conversely, resistance to linezolid observed in this study may have been mediated through ribosomal mutations (23S rRNA ) or methylation of 23S rRNA by the horizontally transferred Cfr plasmid-borne ribosomal methyltransferase [ 56 ].…”