Dissipation of soil-incorporated carbofuran in the field

Joseph, H.; Freeman, Horatio P.; Glotfelty, Dwight E.; Turner, Benjamin C.; Edwards, William M.

doi:10.1021/jf60190a019

Cited by 64 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…On the basis of the reports of Behrens (1975) and Von Rumker et al (1975) an assumption was therefore made that 80% of the corn fields were treated with atrazine at the normal rate of application. The percentage losses of atrazine were in general similar to those reported by several authors (Caro et al 1973, Hall et al 1974) who studied the loss of insecticides and herbicides from experimental watersheds. Willis et al (1975) reported somewhat lower percent losses of several herbicides having physical properties similar to atrazine, in drainage water from flat land.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Residues of Atrazine andN-deethylated Atrazine in water from five agricultural watersheds in Québec

Muir

Yoo

Baker

1978

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) and N-deethylated atrazine (2-chloro-4-amino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) were monitored (1974 and 1975) in five rivers which drained agricultural areas in the Yamaska river basin of Québec. Water samples were collected frequently from April to December each year from sites near the outflow of each river. The water samples were extracted with benzene, chloroform, or ethyl acetate and the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography using a Hall electrolytic conductivity detector and an alkali-flame detector. Atrazine and N-deethylated atrazine residues ranged in concentration from 0.01 to 26.6 microgram/L and less than 0.01 to 1.34 microgram/L, respectively, over the monitoring period. The highest levels of atrazine were observed in July each year and they coincided with the herbicide spraying season in this region and with occasional heavy rainfall events. Discharges (kg/yr) of atrazine from the five rivers were related to corn-growing area in each watershed. Losses of atrazine ranged from 0.1 to 2.9% of the atrazine that was estimated to have been applied in each watershed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Residues of Atrazine andN-deethylated Atrazine in water from five agricultural watersheds in Québec

Muir

Yoo

Baker

1978

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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“…(2,3-dihydro-2-2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl-Nmethylcarbamate) is a very effective systemic and contact insecticide and nematicide used against a wide range of agricultural pests (Aquino and Pathak, 1976;Caro et al, 1973). Though less persistent than most organochlorine pesticides, carbofuran is more toxic to animals, it is very soluble in water and tends to degrade faster under flooded soil conditions (Caro et al, 1973;Venkateswarlu et al, 1977;El-Zorgani et al, 1980).…”

Section: Carbofuranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though less persistent than most organochlorine pesticides, carbofuran is more toxic to animals, it is very soluble in water and tends to degrade faster under flooded soil conditions (Caro et al, 1973;Venkateswarlu et al, 1977;El-Zorgani et al, 1980). The adsorption and desorption characteristics which determine the movement of pesticides through the soil profile, their bioavailabiltiy, microbial degradability and persistence depend upon the soil properties such as organic matter content, clay content and the physical/chemical properties of the pesticide i.e.…”

Section: Carbofuranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption/Desorption and Mobility of Carbofuran in Soil Samples from Kenya

Lalah

Wandiga

1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…Carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2, 2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl-Nmethylcarbamate) is an effective systemic and contact insecticide and nematicide used against a wide range of agricultural pests (Aquino and Pathak, 1976;Caro et al, 1973). Though carbofuran is less persistent than the organochlorine pesticides, it is acutely more toxic to animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%