Distinct expression trend of signature antigens of Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis correlated with clinical outcomes

Abstract

The major limitations of clinical outcome predictions of osteomyelitis mediated by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are not specific and definitive. To this end, current studies aim to investigate host immune responses of trend changes of the ironregulated surface determinant (Isd) of IsdA, IsdB, IsdH, cell wall-modifying proteins of amidase (Amd) and glucosaminidase (Gmd), and secreted virulence factor of chemotaxis inhibitory protein S. aureus (CHIPS) and staphylococcal complement inhibitor (SCIN) longitudinally to discover their correlationship with clinical outcomes. A total of 55 patients with confirmed S. aureus infection of the long bone by clinical and laboratory methods were recruited for the study. Whole blood was collected at 0, 6, 12 months for the serum that was used to test IsdA, IsdB, IsdH, Gmd, Amd, CHIPS, and SCIN using a customized Luminex assay after clinical standard care parameters were collected. The patients were then divided into two groups: (1) infection controlled versus (2) adverse outcome based on clinical criteria

The impact of methicillin resistance on clinical outcome among patients with Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis: a retrospective cohort study of 482 cases

“…Clinical outcome in terms of infection control, lengths of hospital stay and related complication were followed up in the S. aureus osteomyelitis cohort (MRSA verse MSSA). The Infection control was evaluated by “infection persistence” 4 , 11 and “recurrence” 15 , 16 respectively. The infection persistence is defined as failure response to initial debridement and antibiotic treatment, that means patients had residual infection according to infection signs and symptoms, or imaging, pathological and serological tests, and needed repeated debridement.…”

“…The challenge of its management is in part because of rising antibiotic resistance in causal pathogens. Among which, S. aureus is highly virulent and is the most common pathogen of extremity osteomyelitis 2 , 4 , 5 , rising methicillin-resistance is increasingly becoming a concern 1 , 6 . In comparison with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus ( MSSA), methicillin-resistance S. aureus (MRSA) renders all β-lactams–type antibiotics inactive and these patients are typically more ill, which may complicate therapy.…”

StaphAIR: A Label-Free Antigen Microarray Approach to Detecting Anti-Staphylococcus aureus Antibody Responses in Orthopedic Infections

“…Recombinant S. aureus antigens were selected and produced with a biotin tag as described previously. − ,, Briefly, these full-length proteins represent different functional classes including the following: (i) iron acquisition proteins, specifically, the iron-regulated surface determinant proteins (IsdA, IsdB, and IsdH); (ii) cell division proteins, in this case, the autolysin domains glucosaminidase (Gmd) and amidase (Amd); and (iii) immune evasion proteins and secreted toxins, chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus (CHIPS), staphylococcal complement inhibitory protein (SCIN), and α-hemolysin (Hla).…”