Distribution, biology, ecology and control of the psyllidDiaphorina citriKuwayama, a major pest of citrus: A status report for China

Natural parasitism of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera, Psyllidae) nymphs by Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) in São Paulo orange groves

“…However, in Florida, U.S.A., parasitism rates were lower than 20% in spring-summer and increased to 39 to 56% in the autumn ). In China, a 36% parasitism rate was observed on new branches in the summer, and 46% on branches in the autumn (Yang et al 2006). The results of the present study also showed that there were no differences in parasitism between the northern, central, western and southern regions of São Paulo, confirming the wide distribution of T. radiata.…”

Field Trial of Aqueous and Emulsion Preparations of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in a Lime Orchard in Mexico

“…Presently, effective eradication methods against the rapidly dispersing vector are unavailable (Bové 2006). Management of D. citri has been constrained to the use of chemical control (Yang et al 2006;Belasque et al 2010;Stansly et al 2013;Qureshi et al 2014). However, intensive use of pesticides has began to produce collateral effects that are noticed in resistance selection to insecticides in the vector (Yang et al 2006;Tiwari et al 2011), resurgence of controlled key pests, and outbreaks of secondary pests (Yang et al 2006;Monzó et al 2012).…”

“…Some beneficial insects (Aubert 1990;Hoy & Nguyen 2001;Michaud 2004;López-Arroyo et al 2009;Qureshi & Stansly 2009;Cortez-Mondaca et al 2010) and entomopathogens have been considered as biological control agents of D. citri (Subandiyah et al 2000;Yang et al 2006;Meyer et al 2007;Avery et al 2009). Easy integration of fungi with pesticides has motivated the exploration of diverse fungal species, e.g., Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv) Vuill.…”

“…Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is one of the most important invasive pests in the citrus industry of the world; this qualification has been assigned mainly by its role as a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter, a bacterium associated with huanglongbing (Bové 2006;Yang et al 2006). Nowadays, huanglongbing is considered as one of the most devastating diseases that plague the crop worldwide; its management has been achieved basically through the elimination of infected plants, use of certified plant material, and vector control (Bové 2006;Gottwald et al 2007;National Research Council 2010;da Graça et al 2015).…”

“…Vector management needs to be addressed toward the integration of methods that allow a reduction in the use of insecticides as well as in insect population density and huanglongbing infection and dispersion rate (Yang et al 2006;Stansly et al 2013). Some beneficial insects (Aubert 1990;Hoy & Nguyen 2001;Michaud 2004;López-Arroyo et al 2009;Qureshi & Stansly 2009;Cortez-Mondaca et al 2010) and entomopathogens have been considered as biological control agents of D. citri (Subandiyah et al 2000;Yang et al 2006;Meyer et al 2007;Avery et al 2009).…”