Distribution of Monoamine-Containing Cells in the Central Nervous System of the Chicken

Ikeda, Hitoshi; Gotoh, Jiro

doi:10.1254/jjp.21.763

Cited by 81 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…DISCUSSION The topographical distribution of monoamine-containing cells in the brain of the chicken has already been reported in a previous paper (1). Except for one group containing both CA and 5-HT found in the hypothalamus, the remaining cell groups were present either in the mesencephalon or in the medulla oblongata.…”

Section: Septal Areasupporting

confidence: 71%

“…A few, fine CA terminals or diffuse, sparse 5-HT terminals in the spinal cord of the chicken appear to be derived from monoamine-containing cell groups, Al and A2 or BI and B2 in the medulla oblongata as shown in a previous paper (1). In contrast to the findings in the spinal cord of the rat (3, 4), the monoamine-containing terminals in the chic ken were less in number and weaker in fluorescence intensity.…”

Section: Septal Areamentioning

confidence: 42%

“…Effect of reserpine on both CA and 5-HT containing cells has already been reported in a previous paper (1). Two and four hours after administration of reserpine (3 mg/kg, i.m.…”

Section: Septal Areamentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The specimens were freeze-dried, treated with formaldehyde gas, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, mounted and examined as previously described (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous paper we reported that the central nervous system of the chicken contains a monoamine neuron system of two distinctly different types, one being a primary catechol amine (CA) type and the other 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) type and the distribution of the monoamine-containing cells was described (1). The chief aim of the present paper is to establish the topographical distribution of the monoamine-containing terminals and fibers in the central nervous system of the chicken.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Monoamine-Containing Terminals and Fibers in the Central Nervous System of the Chicken

Ikeda

Gotoh

1974

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Section: Septal Areasupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Septal Areamentioning

confidence: 42%

“…Effect of reserpine on both CA and 5-HT containing cells has already been reported in a previous paper (1). Two and four hours after administration of reserpine (3 mg/kg, i.m.…”

Section: Septal Areamentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The specimens were freeze-dried, treated with formaldehyde gas, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, mounted and examined as previously described (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Monoamine-Containing Terminals and Fibers in the Central Nervous System of the Chicken

Ikeda

Gotoh

1974

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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The organization of monoamine neurons within the brainstem of the north american opossum (didelphis virginiana)

Crutcher

Humbertson

1978

J of Comparative Neurology

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The distribution of monoamine-containing neurons within the brain of the opossum is described using the Falck-Hillarp histofluorescence technique. Catecholamine-containing neurons are organized into four groups. The medulla contains one group which is located dorsolateral to the lateral reticular nucleus and ventrolateral to the dorsal vagal nucleus. The second collection is found within the pons and includes both the locus coeruleus and a region continuous with it referred to as the nucleus coeruleus, pars a . The third aggregate includes the substantia nigra, the ventral tegmental area, and the mesencephalic reticular formation and a fourth group is located within the periventricular and dorsal paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. The indoleamine-containing cell bodies are distributed within the nuclei raphe obscurus, pallidus, magnus, dorsalis, and the nuclei linearis and superior centralis except a t certain pontine levels where they appear laterally within the reticular formation. A number of small intensely fluorescent @IF) cells are present within the connective tissue surrounding the brain and its blood vessels as well. Although certain differences are present, the distribution of monoamine neurons in the American opossum conforms generally to that described for the placental mammals studied to date.The Falck-Hillarp histochemical technique for visualizing biogenic amines (Carlsson e t al., '62; Falck, '62; Falck e t al., '62) provides a powerful tool for bridging the narrowing gap between the anatomy and chemistry of the nervous system. This comparatively simple procedure has already been utilized to map specific monoamine systems in the brain of the rat (Dahlstrom and Fuxe, '64; Jacobowitz and Palkovits, '74; Palkovits and Jacobowitz, '74), cat (Chu and Bloom, '74; Jones and Moore, '74; Pin e t al., '68; Maeda e t al., ' marsupial, has maintained a certain popularity for neuroanatomical research, not only for its significance from a comparative point of view, but also for its early availability in a n external pouch, providing a unique opportunity for developmental studies (Martin e t al., '75). The distribution of monoamine neurons in the opossum brain was studied and the results are described herein. To our knowledge, this is the first such description for any representative of the marsupial radiation. Spectrophotofluorometric analysis supports the generalization t h a t t h e green and orangeyellow fluorescence, induced by exposure to formaldehyde vapors, represent catecholamine (CAI and indoleamine (IA) fluorophors respectively (Corrodi and Jonsson, '67). Although such a designation will be followed in this paper, i t should be noted t h a t there is a n overlap in the spectral characteristics of the fluorophors depending on their concentration (Laszlo, '75). No attempt was made in this study to distinguish between the fluorescence of dopamine and norepinephrine since both of them exhibit a green fluorescence with this technique (Falck et al., '62).The original description of monoamin...

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The monoamine‐containing neurons in avian brain: I. A study of the brain stem of the chicken (Gallus domesticus) by means of fluorescence and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry

Dubé

Parent

1981

J of Comparative Neurology

111

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The distribution of monoamine (MA)-containing nerve cell bodies in the brain stem of the chicken (Gallus domesticus) was studied by means of paraformaldehyde and glyoxylic acid fluorescent histochemical methods. The MA neurons were further characterized morphologically and histochemically in material prepared for the demonstration of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In the rostral midbrain of the chicken, two large collections of catecholamine (CA)-containing cells are found: one located in the ventromedial and the other in the dorsolateral (pedunculopontine nucleus) portions of the tegmentum. On the basis of their topographic location, CA content, and fiber connections, these ventromedial and dorsolateral cell groups can be tentatively associated with the CA-containing neuronal populations of the mammalian ventral tegmental area and pars compacta of the substantia nigra, respectively. In the caudal midbrain of the chicken, numerous CA-containing cells are intermingled with serotonin (5HT)-containing perikarya beneath as well as within the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncles. At isthmus levels, abundant, closely-packed CA-containing cells are encountered along the lateral border of the central gray. These neurons, which display a very high AChE activity, appear to be equivalent to those of the mammalian locus coeruleus. A multitude of medium-sized 5HT-containing neuronal somata occurs within the raphe region of the isthmus. Some of these somata closely surround the medial longitudinal fasciculus. This 5HT-containing cell group also massively invades the lateral tegmentum, where it becomes closely intermingled with the CA-containing neurons of the locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus. All of these 5 HT-containing neurons display a moderate to high AChE activity. In the medulla the number of MA-containing neurons is much smaller than in the upper brain stem. Nevertheless, 5HT-containing cells are present within the raphe region, particularly in the upper two-thirds of the medulla, and CA-containing perikarya can be found along the lateral border of the medulla and within the confines of the nucleus solitarius. The findings of the present study reveal that the MA-containing neuronal systems in the avian brain stem are organized according to a pattern that is much more complex than the one disclosed in reptiles or in other nonmammalian vertebrates. This complexity arises in large part from the fact that the 5HT-containing systems undergo a prominent lateralization in birds, which leads to a close intermingling of 5HT-containing and CA-containing neuronal elements at various levels of the neuraxis.

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Distribution of Monoamine-Containing Cells in the Central Nervous System of the Chicken

Cited by 81 publications

References 21 publications

Distribution of Monoamine-Containing Terminals and Fibers in the Central Nervous System of the Chicken

Distribution of Monoamine-Containing Terminals and Fibers in the Central Nervous System of the Chicken

The organization of monoamine neurons within the brainstem of the north american opossum (didelphis virginiana)

The monoamine‐containing neurons in avian brain: I. A study of the brain stem of the chicken (Gallus domesticus) by means of fluorescence and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry

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