Distribution of the Absorbed Mobile Phone Energy at 1.8 and 2.1 GHz in a Child Head Model

Stankovic, Vladimir; Marković, Vera; Jovanović, Dejan; Krstić, Dejan; Cvetković, Nenad

doi:10.1109/eurocon.2019.8861511

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…3). The layout of biological tissues was selected so as to match the actual order of tissues and organs of the human head [18][19][20][22][23][24]. The realistic layout of tissues and organs in a human head is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Numerical Block Models Of Biological Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Approximation of Electric Field in Biological Tissue

2023

Teh. vjesn.

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This paper presents the method of homogenization of several different biological tissues in order to simplify the numerical calculation of the electric field distribution in certain biological structures of interest. For this purpose, a 3D model was used with blocks that have the same electromagnetic characteristics as their corresponding biological tissues of the human head. The results obtained in the case of homogenized block model were compared with the ones obtained by using the original heterogeneous model containing the following tissues: skin, fat, muscle, bone, and brain. Homogenization of the model has been caried out only for the layers that precede the layer in which the analysis of electric field distribution was performed. A smart phone was used as the source of electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 0,9 GHz. A comparative analysis of the electric field intensity in the layer of interest indicates good matches for the heterogeneous and homogenized models. Based on the obtained results, deviations in the electric field intensity can be observed for both models. These deviations range from 3,7% to 5,2% for different layer thicknesses.The proposed homogenization method significantly simplifies the modelling and also reduces the simulation time required to obtain appropriate results.

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Section: Numerical Block Models Of Biological Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Approximation of Electric Field in Biological Tissue

2023

Teh. vjesn.

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“…A child head numerical model was developed for the purpose of this paper using 3ds Max, a specialized software package for 3D design [16]. The model corresponds to a 7-year-old child's head [5][6][7]11] and realistically replicates its anatomical structure and properties. It consists of the following tissues and organs: the skin, the fatty tissue, the muscles, the skull, the jaw including teeth, the tongue, the eyes, the vertebrae, the cartilage, the spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid, the brain, and the pituitary gland.…”

Section: Child Head Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies about the impact of electromagnetic radiation from wireless mobile devices focused on the impact of radiation on adult head models [1][2][3][4]. However, recent studies on the impact of electromagnetic radiation from mobile phones on children showed that the radiation exposure of adults differs from that of children and that children are more affected by EMR than adults [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. A number of studies also showed that electromagnetic radiation causes a higher incidence of malignant brain tumours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, The Rulebook on the Limits of Exposure to Non-Ionizing Radiation [15] defines the basic limitations and reference limit levels of exposure of the population to electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields of different frequencies that are regarded as safe for human health. The majority of the studies concerning the potential harmful effects of electromagnetic radiation on mobile phones users focused on establishing the electric field values of inside the model body and the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) values [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The magnetic field distribution through the child head model is calculated for the same horizontal crosssection of the model for three different frequencies -0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz, and 2.1 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of the magnetic field from a mobile phone at 0.9, 1.8 and 2.1 GHz through a child head model

Stankovic¹,

Jovanović²,

Krstić³

et al. 2020

Safety Engineering

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Children's everyday use of mobile phones exposes them to significant levels of electromagnetic radiation, causing public concern over the potential adverse effects. This paper discusses the magnetic field distribution from a mobile phone at the frequencies of 0.9, 1.8, and 2.1 GHz through a child head model. Human tissues and organs are represented in terms of their corresponding electromagnetic properties. The results of magnetic field distribution for a horizontal cross-section of the child head model at the three given frequencies are presented in the paper.

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“…In addition, there is a group of countries that have set their own guidelines for the permissible amount of electromagnetic energy. All of these tributes are designed to protect humans and living things such as plants and flowers from the effects of radiation [11]- [15]. There are a lot of institutes that have developed a standard for measuring the electromagnetic energy radiate absorbed by human tissue, known as the specific absorption rate (SAR) such as International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and IEEE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation effect of M-slot patch antenna for wireless application

2022

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Today, the specific absorption rate has become an important and necessary measurement when designing and implementing any type of antenna. In recent years, various devices have appeared that use different frequencies for wireless communication systems, which are a source of electromagnetic radiation. The M-slot antenna is designed in this paper to operate in multi-band frequencies for wireless communications using computer simulation technology (CST) software 2020. The radiation effect for this antenna is calculated for tissue mass of the human fingertips, which consists of three layers (skin, meat, and bone), over a mass of 1 g and 10 g according to the IEEE and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) organization. The results are shown three applications in the communication system, which are Wi-Fi, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (Wi-Max) and, satellite X-band and, the value of specific absorption rate (SAR) increase with increased frequency.

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Distribution of the Absorbed Mobile Phone Energy at 1.8 and 2.1 GHz in a Child Head Model

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Approximation of Electric Field in Biological Tissue

Approximation of Electric Field in Biological Tissue

Distribution of the magnetic field from a mobile phone at 0.9, 1.8 and 2.1 GHz through a child head model

Radiation effect of M-slot patch antenna for wireless application

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