Diversity in prevalence and characteristics of ESBL/pAmpC producing E. coli in food in Germany

Kaesbohrer, Annemarie; Bakran-Lebl, Karin; Irrgang, Alexandra; Fischer, Jennie; Kämpf, Peter; Schiffmann, Arthur; Werckenthin, Christiane Susanne; Busch, Matthias; Kreienbrock, Lothar; Hille, Katja

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.03.025

Cited by 95 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…(t1430, t13177) and CC398 (t8588, t011, t034), whereas one isolate from S1 (4.0%) was Our results on the prevailing E. coli showed a strong congruence with data published in previous papers (78,79). In general, ESBL-producing E. coli of this study showed higher resistance rates to fluoroquinolones than the isolates from retail chicken meat (20.8%) reported by Casella (82).…”

Section: Mrsa Isolates From Wastewater Belong To the Clonal Complexessupporting

confidence: 88%

ESKAPE Bacteria and Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Wastewater and Process Water from German Poultry Slaughterhouses

Savin

Bierbaum

Hammerl

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The wastewater of livestock slaughterhouses is considered a source of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria with clinical relevance and may thus be important for their dissemination into the environment. To get an overview of their occurrence and characteristics, we investigated process water (n = 50) from delivery and unclean areas as well as wastewater (n = 32) from the in-house wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of two German poultry slaughterhouses (slaughterhouses S1 and S2). The samples were screened for ESKAPE bacteria (Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.) and Escherichia coli. Their antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and the presence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL), carbapenemase, and mobilizable colistin resistance genes were determined. Selected ESKAPE bacteria were epidemiologically classified using different molecular typing techniques. At least one of the target species was detected in 87.5% (n = 28/32) of the wastewater samples and 86.0% (n = 43/50) of the process water samples. The vast majority of the recovered isolates (94.9%, n = 448/472) was represented by E. coli (39.4%), the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii (ACB) complex (32.4%), S. aureus (12.3%), and K. pneumoniae (10.8%), which were widely distributed in the delivery and unclean areas of the individual slaughterhouses, including their wastewater effluents. Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., and P. aeruginosa were less abundant and made up 5.1% of the isolates. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses revealed that the recovered isolates exhibited diverse resistance phenotypes and β-lactamase genes. In conclusion, wastewater effluents from the investigated poultry slaughterhouses exhibited clinically relevant bacteria (E. coli, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and species of the ACB and Enterobacter cloacae complexes) that contribute to the dissemination of clinically relevant resistances (i.e., blaCTX-M or blaSHV and mcr-1) in the environment. IMPORTANCE Bacteria from livestock may be opportunistic pathogens and carriers of clinically relevant resistance genes, as many antimicrobials are used in both veterinary and human medicine. They may be released into the environment from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which are influenced by wastewater from slaughterhouses, thereby endangering public health. Moreover, process water that accumulates during the slaughtering of poultry is an important reservoir for livestock-associated multidrug-resistant bacteria and may serve as a vector of transmission to occupationally exposed slaughterhouse employees. Mitigation solutions aimed at the reduction of the bacterial discharge into the production water circuit as well as interventions against their further transmission and dissemination need to be elaborated. Furthermore, the efficacy of in-house WWTPs needs to be questioned. Reliable data on the occurrence and diversity of clinically relevant bacteria within the slaughtering production chain and in the WWTP effluents in Germany will help to assess their impact on public and environmental health.

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Section: Mrsa Isolates From Wastewater Belong To the Clonal Complexessupporting

confidence: 88%

ESKAPE Bacteria and Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Wastewater and Process Water from German Poultry Slaughterhouses

Savin

Bierbaum

Hammerl

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Meanwhile, the prevalence of ESBL-ECs in chicken was higher than that in pork and beef. This result was consistent with that of the previous studies regarding ESBL-EC prevalence in livestock in Korea [24,26,52], and in Germany, the United Kingdom, Turkey, and Spain [53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Characteristics in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Retail Meats in Korea

Kim

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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The spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) has posed a critical health risk to both humans and animals, because resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics makes treatment for commonly infectious diseases more complicated. In this study, we report the prevalence and genetic characteristics of ESBL-ECs isolated from retail meat samples in Korea. A total of 1205 E. coli strains were isolated from 3234 raw meat samples, purchased from nationwide retail stores between 2015 and 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for all isolates by a broth microdilution method, and the ESBL phenotype was determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) confirmatory method. All ESBL-EC isolates (n = 29) were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The antimicrobial resistance genes, plasmid incompatibility types, E. coli phylogroups, and phylogenetic relations were investigated based on the WGS data. The prevalence of ESBL-ECs in chicken was significantly higher than that in other meat samples. The results in this study demonstrate that clonally diverse ESBL-ECs with a multidrug resistance phenotype were distributed nationwide, although their prevalence from retail meat was 0.9%. The dissemination of ESBL-ECs from retail meat poses a potential risk to consumers and food-handlers, suggesting that the continuous surveillance of ESBL-ECs in retail meat should be conducted at the national level.

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“…When livestock are treated or are provided with antibiotics, these agents exercise the same selective pressure on their microbiota as when humans ingest these drugs; thus, overuse of antibiotics on food animals has led to a high colonization rate of intestinal bacteria, including members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, such as E. coli and Klebsiella spp., that become resistant to different antimicrobials. Different studies around the world have shown that ready-to-eat animal products are contaminated with E. coli strains resistant to different kinds of antibiotics, mainly to β-lactams by means of the bacterial production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) [27,28]. These studies show that animal meat contaminated with E. coli-resistant strains is far more prevalent in developing than in developed nations, probably due to different hygiene habits; German studies have reported a prevalence of ESBL-contaminated meat of 24.1% [27], whereas in Mexico this prevalence has been reported to be above 60.0% [28].…”

Section: Use Of Antibiotics In Livestockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli

Galindo-Méndez¹

2020

E. Coli Infections - Importance of Early Diagnosis and Efficient Treatment

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In the last decades, antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat to public health systems worldwide. Among those bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health because of its growing resistance to antibiotics are the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Among the different antibiotic-resistant mechanisms developed by bacteria, the ones found in Enterobacteriaceae are more diverse than those in other families and include resistance to different antibiotic groups, advantages that partially explain why these microorganisms are among the most common causes of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections in humans. Due to the continuously increasing number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant E. coli due to its ease of transmission via the fecaloral route among humans and from environmental sources, the understanding of the epidemiology of these strains and their mechanisms of resistance are key components in the fight against these infections.

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Diversity in prevalence and characteristics of ESBL/pAmpC producing E. coli in food in Germany

Cited by 95 publications

References 44 publications

ESKAPE Bacteria and Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Wastewater and Process Water from German Poultry Slaughterhouses

ESKAPE Bacteria and Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Wastewater and Process Water from German Poultry Slaughterhouses

Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Characteristics in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Retail Meats in Korea

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli

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