DNA barcoding reveals the occurrence of cryptic species in host-associated population of Conogethes punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

DNA barcodes for ecology, evolution, and conservation

“…DNA barcodes have been particularly useful in the discovery of cryptic and previously unrecognized species of animals [17]. For insects, it has been demonstrated that new species can be revealed through a combination of ecological field observations and DNA barcode markers [18,19]. For example, a single species of common skipper butterfly found throughout Central America defined by morphological features of the adults in fact comprises numerous species that are clearly delineated by DNA barcode sequences in congruence with diets and features of the larvae [20] (Box 2).…”

Ultrastructure characters and partial mtDNA-COI haplotypes of Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from Indonesia

“…According to Frolov et al (2007), host differences affect mating success and is implicated in their heritability. However, Shashank et al (2014) found that it could be a cryptic phenomenon. A study of alternative hosts of O. furnacalis in the peatland area and in Java, a central area of maize production in Indonesia, may become an essential component in understanding the genetic differences among the population of O. furnacalis.…”

“…This technique is not only used to distinguish a sibling species or to ensure a species (Zhang and Hewitt 1997), but also to study phylogenetics (Sihvonen et al 2011;Sutrisno 2015;Ashfaq et al 2017) and genetic variation (Li et al 2014) by amplifying mitochondrial gene targets, such as sequences of cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI), cytochrome oxidase 2 (COII), and NADH dehydrogenase (ND) (Sihvonen et al 2011;Li et al 2014). The sequences were aligned with accession numbers available in GenBank (http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) using the BLAST system (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) (Altschul et al 1990) and DNA barcoding on BOLD systems (http://boldsystems.org) (Hebert et al 2004;Hajibabaei et al 2006;Hebert et al 2013;Shashank et al 2014) to determine the similarity.…”

A new genus of leafhopper subtribe Paraboloponina (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with molecular phylogeny of related genera

“…The isolated DNA was stored at -20°C until required [10]. The DNA extractions were amplified for PCR products, Histone H3 primers are: HEXAF (forward) and HEX- AR (reverse) [11] mtCOI primers are LCO1490: ; HCO2198: [12].…”