DNA vaccination of pigs with open reading frame 1–7 of PRRS virus

Barfoed, Annette Malene; Blixenkrone-Møller, Merete; Jensen, Merethe Holm; Bøtner, Anette; Kamstrup, Søren

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.028

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In addition to study of mutations and deletions in Nsp2, the genetic diversity of GP5 has received much attention because GP5 is the most important immunogenic protein and contains the primary neutralization epitope of PRRSV (6,20,39). Furthermore, GP5 is one of the most genetically variable structural proteins of PRRSV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evolving glycan shield, therefore, presents a possible mechanism for viral persistence despite an increasing antibody repertoire (20,38). A previous study has shown that when the N-glycosylation sites of GP5 are abolished, both the sensitivity of the mutant virus to in vitro neutralization and the immunogenicity of the nearby neutralization epitope are enhanced (6). The increasing number of N-glycosylation sites in GP5 therefore further supports our hypothesis that field isolates appear to possess the capability to escape the neutralization antibodies induced by current vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and Evolutionary Characteristics of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in China between 2006 and 2010

Fang

Guo

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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In 2006, an emerging highly pathogenic strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which causes continuous high fever and a high proportion of deaths in vaccinated pigs of all ages, broke out in mainland China and spread rapidly to neighboring countries. To examine the epidemiology and evolutionary characteristics of Chinese PRRSV after the 2006 outbreak, we tested 2,981 clinical samples collected from 2006 to 2010 in China, determined 153 Nsp2 sequences and 249 ORF5 sequences, and analyzed the epidemiology and genetic diversity of Chinese PRRSV. Our results showed that the percentage of PRRSV-positive specimens collected from sick pigs averaged 60.85% in the past 5 years and that the highly pathogenic PRRSV has become the dominant strain in China. Furthermore, a reemerging strain which apparently evolved from the highly pathogenic PRRSV strain in 2006 appeared to be widely prevalent in China from 2009 onwards. Sequence analyses revealed that the hypervariable region of Nsp2 in most of the isolates contained a discontinuous deletion equivalent to 30 amino acids, along with other types of deletions. Extensive amino acid substitutions in the GP5 sequence translated from ORF5 were found, particularly in the potential neutralization epitope and the N-glycosylation sites. Our results suggest that Chinese PRRSV has undergone rapid evolution and can circumvent immune responses induced by currently used vaccines. Information from this study will help in understanding the evolutionary characteristics of Chinese PRRSV and assist ongoing efforts to develop and use PRRSV vaccines in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Evolutionary Characteristics of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in China between 2006 and 2010

Fang

Guo

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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“…These efforts reportedly included use of several adjuvants [40][41][42] , use of mixed strains of PRRSV [43,44] , and generation of alternative vaccines, i.e. DNA vaccine [45,46] , subunit vaccine [47,48] , synthetic peptide vaccine [13] , viral vector vaccines using adenovirus [49][50][51] , PRV [52,53] , poxvirus [54,55] , and transmissible gastroenteritis virus [56] as vectors, alphavirusderived replicon [57] , bacterial vector vaccine [58] , insect cellderived vaccine [59] , and plant-derived vaccine [60,61] (Table 4). These efforts, however, can achieve at best some, but not all, properties of an ideal PRRS vaccine.…”

Section: Current Efforts On Prrs Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines: Immunogenicity, efficacy and safety aspects

Charerntantanakul¹

2012

WJV

156

131

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection is the leading cause of economic casualty in swine industry worldwide. The virus can cause reproductive failure, respiratory disease, and growth retardation in the pigs. This review deals with current status of commercial PRRS vaccines presently used to control PRRS. The review focuses on the immunogenicity, protective efficacy and safety aspects of the vaccines. Commercial PRRS modified-live virus (MLV) vaccine elicits delayed humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following vaccination. The vaccine confers late but effective protection against genetically homologous PRRSV, and partial protection against genetically heterologous virus. The MLV vaccine is of concern for its safety as the vaccine virus can revert to virulence and cause diseases. PRRS killed virus (KV) vaccine, on the other hand, is safe but confers limited protection against either homologous or heterologous virus. The KV vaccine yet helps reduce disease severity when administered to the PRRSV-infected pigs. Although efforts have been made to improve the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of PRRS vaccines, a better vaccine is still needed in order to protect against PRRSV.

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“…To know the origin and genetic character of the PRRSV prevailing in China, Chou et al determined the full nucleotide sequence of strain CH1a and compared the sequence with a reference strain isolated in the U.S.A. [5]. By phylogenetic analysis, strain CH1a was found to belong to the American type but not the European type [1]. Subsequently, several Chinese isolates (strains BJ-4, HUB1 and JXA1) of PRRSV were sequenced and also found to be the American type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both GP5 and M proteins are the main structural proteins of PRRSV, and play important roles in viral pathogenecity and replication [14]. GP5 protein is 24.5-26 kDa in size, encoded by open reading frame (ORF) 5 of the viral genome, and induces neutralizing antibodies in pigs [1,9,21]. On the other hand, M protein is 18-19 kDa in size, encoded by ORF6, and contains neutralizing epitopes [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction and Characterization of a Recombinant Canine Adenovirus Expressing GP5 and M proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Cai

Yan

et al. 2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The causative agent of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is PRRS virus (PRRSV), which belongs to the family Arteriviridae. GP5/M protein complex of PRRSV binds to sialoadhesion expressed on the cells to infect the cells. In this study, we developed a canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) recombinant, termed rCAV2-GP5/M, expressing GP5 and M proteins. To evaluate the immunogenicity of the recombinant virus, mice were inoculated subcutaneously with rCAV2-GP5/M, and specific antibodies against PRRSV in the sera were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the viral neutralization test. Two weeks post-immunization (w.p.i.), anti-PRRSV antibodies were detected in the sera, slightly increased by booster immunization at four w.p.i., and then gradually decreased. The viral neutralizing test showed that neutralizing antibodies were present in the sera collected at two w.p.i., increased by booster immunization, and reached the maximum titer at six w.p.i. Lymphocyte proliferation responding to PRRSV antigens was also observed from two w.p.i. Although further studies are needed to evaluate the usefulness of the recombinant virus to protect pigs from PPRSV, we succeeded in developing a candidate vaccine against PPRSV infection by using CAV-2 vector.KEY WORDS: GP5, immunogenicity, M, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, recombinant canine adenovirus.

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DNA vaccination of pigs with open reading frame 1–7 of PRRS virus

Cited by 51 publications

References 52 publications

Epidemiology and Evolutionary Characteristics of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in China between 2006 and 2010

Epidemiology and Evolutionary Characteristics of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in China between 2006 and 2010

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines: Immunogenicity, efficacy and safety aspects

Construction and Characterization of a Recombinant Canine Adenovirus Expressing GP5 and M proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

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