Do robot appearance and speech affect people's attitude? Evaluation through the Ultimatum Game

Nishio,; Ogawa, Takumi; Kanakogi,; Itakura,; Ishiguro,

doi:10.1109/roman.2012.6343851

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Very similar behavioural responses can be observed in children [4]. More in general, increasing the anthropomorphic features and the human social skills of a technology (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…This hardware is controlled by SEAI (Social Emotional Artificial Intelligence), a distributed control architecture made of perception, cognitive and actuation systems, that endow the robot with expressive and communicative capabilities [30], including also the possibility to emulate verbal communication following prerecorded audio files. 4 SEAI is a bio-inspired architecture based on neuroscientific theories of mind. In particular, it has been inspired by the findings of Antonio Damasio and it is consistent with the computational formalization made by [41].…”

Section: The Face Robot and The Seai Cognitive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…robo-advisors, co-working robots, assistive robots, etc.) and take responsible roles in our society [4,5]. A lesson learned from previous research (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cheap talk) is beneficial not only among humans but also to achieve higher cooperation when interacting with a machine (e.g [19]). In particular, a simple conversation with a robot changes individual attitude towards the artificial agent by making it appearing more like a social agent [4,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Promises and partnership in human-robot interaction

Cominelli¹,

Feri

Garofolo³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Understanding human trust in machine partners has become imperative due to the widespread use of intelligent machines in a variety of applications and contexts. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether human-beings trust a social robot - i.e. a human-like robot that embodies emotional states, empathy, and non-verbal communication - differently than other types of agents. To do so, we adapt the well-known economic trust-game proposed by Charness and Dufwenberg (2006) to assess whether receiving a promise from a robot increases human-trust in it. We find that receiving a promise from the robot increases the trust of the human in it, but only for individuals who perceive the robot very similar to a human-being. Importantly, we observe a similar pattern in choices when we replace the humanoid counterpart with a real human but not when it is replaced by a computer-box. Additionally, we investigate participants' psychophysiological reaction in terms of cardiovascular and electrodermal activity. Our results highlight an increased psychophysiological arousal when the game is played with the social robot compared to the computer-box. Taken all together, these results strongly support the development of technologies enhancing the humanity of robots.

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“…Very similar behavioural responses can be observed in children [4]. More in general, increasing the anthropomorphic features and the human social skills of a technology (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: The Face Robot and The Seai Cognitive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…robo-advisors, co-working robots, assistive robots, etc.) and take responsible roles in our society [4,5]. A lesson learned from previous research (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Promises and partnership in human-robot interaction

Cominelli¹,

Feri

Garofolo³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…However, they reciprocate less with bribing robots compared to honest ones. In [22], they examine the factors with which robots are recognized as social beings. Using the ultimatum game, the study concludes that people show changes in their attitude, depending on the agent's appearance and behavior.…”

Section: Affective Social Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective Embodied Agents and Their Effect on Decision Making

Acosta-Mitjans

Cruz-Sandoval

Hervás

et al. 2019

13th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient ‪Intelligence UCAmI 2019‬

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Embodied agents, such as avatars and social robots, are increasingly incorporating a capacity to enact affective states and recognize the mood of their interlocutor. This influences how users perceive these technologies and how they interact with them. We report on an experiment aimed at assessing perceived empathy and fairness among individuals interacting with avatars and robots when compared to playing against a computer or a fellow human being. Twenty-one individuals were asked to play the ultimatum game, playing the role of a responder against another person, a computer, an avatar and a robot for a total of 32 games (8 per condition). We hypothesize that affective expressions by avatars and robots influence the emotional state of the users, leading them to irrational behavior by rejecting unfair proposals. We monitored galvanic skin response and heart rate of the players in the period when the offer was made by the proposer until the decision was announced by the responder. Our results show that most fair offers were accepted while most unfair offers were rejected. However, participants rejected more very unfair offers made by people and computers than by the avatars or robots.

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Gender preferences for robots and gender equality orientation in communication situations

Suzuki

Nomura

2022

AI & Soc

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The individual physical appearances of robots are considered significant, similar to the way that those of humans are. We investigated whether users prefer robots with male or female physical appearances for use in daily communication situations and whether egalitarian gender role attitudes are related to this preference. One thousand adult men and women aged 20–60 participated in the questionnaire survey. The results of our study showed that in most situations and for most subjects, “males” was not selected and “females” or “neither” was selected. Moreover, the number of respondents who chose “either” was higher than that who chose “female.” Furthermore, we examined the relationship between gender and gender preference and confirmed that the effect of gender on the gender preference for a robot weakened when the human factor was eliminated. In addition, in some situations for android-type robots and in all situations for machine-type robots, equality orientation in gender role attitudes was shown to be higher for people who were not specific about their gender preferences. It is concluded that there is no need to introduce a robot that specifies its gender. Robots with a gender-neutral appearance might be more appropriate for applications requiring complex human–robot interaction and help avoid reproducing a gender bias.

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Do robot appearance and speech affect people's attitude? Evaluation through the Ultimatum Game

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Promises and partnership in human-robot interaction

Promises and partnership in human-robot interaction

Affective Embodied Agents and Their Effect on Decision Making

Gender preferences for robots and gender equality orientation in communication situations

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