Does a bout of strength training affect 2,000 m rowing ergometer performance and rowing-specific maximal power 24 h later?

Gee, Thomas; French, Duncan N.; Howatson, Glyn; Payton, Stephen; Berger, Nicolas; Thompson, Kevin G.

doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1878-3

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Previous authors have recorded comparable decrements in jump performance, when participants have followed similar resistance protocols, at 24 h post-exercise [27,28]. However, ingestion of BCAA was shown to significantly attenuate these performance decrements, with 6 g BCAA resulting in ~2% increase and 18 g BCAA resulting in ~4% increase across both CMJ and SJ when compared to the placebo trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, this could be attributed to the more 'representative' nature of the ST in this study, as opposed to protocol completed by Howatson et al, [2]. The ST was designed to replicate the demands of traditionally practiced athletic strength sessions, rather than predominantly focus on inducing extreme levels of EIMD and subsequent decrements in functional performance and elevations in markers of muscle damage [16,27]. Repetitive high force, eccentric muscle actions, as used by Howatson et al, [2], result in amplified EIMD, as witnessed by the vast decrements in maximal voluntary contraction (~20-27%) [5,26] and increments in RMS across groups [2,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The Acute Effects Different Quantities of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have On Recovery of Muscle Function

Dorrell¹,

Gee²

2016

Sports Nutr Ther

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the acute effects of two different quantities of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) on the recovery of muscle function following high-intensity resistance training in trained individuals. Five resistance-trained males were recruited and performed baseline assessments of, countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ), peak (PP) and mean (MP) power (6s Cycle Sprint) and perceived muscle soreness (RMS). In a counterbalanced, single-blind fashion, participants were provided with either, placebo or 6 g or 18 g BCAA 20 min prior to, and immediately after completion of a high-intensity strength session (ST). At 24 h post ST, all assessments were completed under all three experimental conditions. Following ST, there were significant decrements in all measures of muscle function across conditions when compared to baseline values (P<0.05). However, ingestion of 6 g and 18 g BCAA was shown to significantly attenuate these decrements in comparison to placebo (P<0.05). A dose-response for BCAA was also present as significant differences (P<0.05) were shown between ingestion of 6 g and 18 g; CMJ (18 g: 59

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Acute Effects Different Quantities of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have On Recovery of Muscle Function

Dorrell¹,

Gee²

2016

Sports Nutr Ther

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“…4,5 However, participants in these studies had considerably slower 2000-m performance times (6:51-6:56 and 6:58 min:s) than reported from club-standard rowers of a similar body mass taking part in research studies (6:33.7-6:38.6 min:s). [8][9][10] The rowing experience and performance level of the rowers used in the studies by Schabort et al 4 and Soper and Hume 5 might not be representative of well-trained senior club rowers. Therefore, the reproducibility of 2000-m ergometer performance in rowers of a higher standard is not yet known.…”

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confidence: 99%

Consistency of Pacing and Metabolic Responses During 2000-m Rowing Ergometry

Gee

French

Gibbon

et al. 2013

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Purpose: This study investigated the pacing strategy adopted and the consistency of performance and related physiological parameters across three 2000-m rowing-ergometer tests. Methods: Fourteen male well-trained rowers took part in the study. Each participant performed three 2000-m rowing-ergometer tests interspersed by 3-7 d. Throughout the trials, respiratory exchange and heart rate were recorded and power output and stroke rate were analyzed over each 500 m of the test. At the completion of the trial, assessments of blood lactate and rating of perceived exertion were measured. Results: Ergometer performance was unchanged across the 3 trials; however, pacing strategy changed from trial 1, which featured a higher starting power output and more progressive decrease in power, to trials 2 and 3, which were characterized by a more conservative start and an end spurt with increased power output during the final 500 m. Mean typical error (TE; %) across the three 2000-m trials was 2.4%, and variability was low to moderate for all assessed physiological variables (TE range = 1.4-5.1%) with the exception of peak lactate (TE = 11.5%). Conclusions: Performance and physiological responses during 2000-m rowing ergometry were found to be consistent over 3 trials. The variations observed in pacing strategy between trial 1 and trials 2 and 3 suggest that a habituation trial is required before an intervention study and that participants move from a positive to a reverse-J-shaped strategy, which may partly explain conflicting reports in the pacing strategy exhibited during 2000-m rowing-ergometer trials.Keywords: rowers, reliability, pacing strategy, cardiorespiratory, time trialPacing strategy relates to the pattern by which energetic resources, mechanical power output, or speed is distributed during a bout of exercise. 1 A growing body of evidence exists with regard to the pacing strategy used by trained rowers performing a 2000-m rowing-ergometer test or on-water race. 2-5 Traditionally, a reverse-J-shaped pacing strategy has been observed for 2000-m rowing. [2][3][4] This strategy is characterized by a high power output during the initial phase, followed by a decrease in power output in the middle of the event, followed by an end spurt in the final stages, which is completed with a higher power output than the middle phase but lower than the initial phase. 6 The powerful start, as featured in this strategy, is tactically and psychologically advantageous in rowing, as gaining placement at the front of the race will allow rowers, who look backward down the course, to be able to monitor the position of other boats and react to any sudden advances from other competitors and also avoid the wake of other boats. 3 The reverse-J-shaped strategy is firmly established for on-water rowing races 2,3 ; however, there is conflicting evidence regarding the pacing strategy during 2000-m ergometer rowing. Researchers have reported a positive pacing strategy, characterized by a fast start and gradual decline in speed throughout the event, 6 ...

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“…For athletes who concurrently train for both strength and endurance, three weekly strength training sessions have been recommended (Garcia-Pallares and Izquierdo, 2011). Accordingly, rowers tend to perform two to three strength training sessions a week with the final session often occurring 24- to 48 h before a high-quality rowing session or even a competition (Gee et al, 2011a). However, it has been shown that high volume strength training can lead to the development of ‘residual fatigue’ and sub-optimal adaptations in rowing performance, compared to lower volume strength training (Izquierdo-Gabarren et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously many authors have investigated the effect of acute singular bouts of strength and power training on muscle function within cohorts of competitive athletes (Gee et al, 2011a; Gee et al, 2012; Raastad and Hallén, 2000). These authors have recorded decreases in various aspects of muscle function including peak power, jump height, sprint time, dynamic strength and symptoms of transient muscle damage following acute strength and plyometric training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Effects of Typical Rowing Strength Training Practices on Strength and Power Development and 2,000 m Rowing Performance

Gee

Caplan

Gibbon

et al. 2016

Journal of Human Kinetics

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This study aimed to determine the effects of a short-term, strength training intervention, typically undertaken by club-standard rowers, on 2,000 m rowing performance and strength and power development. Twenty-eight male rowers were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. All participants performed baseline testing involving assessments of muscle soreness, creatine kinase activity (CK), maximal voluntary contraction (leg-extensors) (MVC), static-squat jumps (SSJ), counter-movement jumps (CMJ), maximal rowing power strokes (PS) and a 2,000 m rowing ergometer time-trial (2,000 m) with accompanying respiratory-exchange and electromyography (EMG) analysis. Intervention group participants subsequently performed three identical strength training (ST) sessions, in the space of five days, repeating all assessments 24 h following the final ST. The control group completed the same testing procedure but with no ST. Following ST, the intervention group experienced significant elevations in soreness and CK activity, and decrements in MVC, SSJ, CMJ and PS (p < 0.01). However, 2,000 m rowing performance, pacing strategy and gas exchange were unchanged across trials in either condition. Following ST, significant increases occurred for EMG (p < 0.05), and there were non-significant trends for decreased blood lactate and anaerobic energy liberation (p = 0.063 – 0.086). In summary, club-standard rowers, following an intensive period of strength training, maintained their 2,000 m rowing performance despite suffering symptoms of muscle damage and disruption to muscle function. This disruption likely reflected the presence of acute residual fatigue, potentially in type II muscle fibres as strength and power development were affected.

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Does a bout of strength training affect 2,000 m rowing ergometer performance and rowing-specific maximal power 24 h later?

Cited by 26 publications

References 56 publications

The Acute Effects Different Quantities of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have On Recovery of Muscle Function

The Acute Effects Different Quantities of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have On Recovery of Muscle Function

Consistency of Pacing and Metabolic Responses During 2000-m Rowing Ergometry

Investigating the Effects of Typical Rowing Strength Training Practices on Strength and Power Development and 2,000 m Rowing Performance

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