Does vitamin D play a significant role in type 2 diabetes?

Abstract

BackgroundVitamin D deficiency reportedly is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aim to examine whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) has clinically significant influence on hemoglobin glycation (HbA1c) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in T2DM subjects.MethodsPresent study was carried out in 912 subjects (429 T2DM cases and 483 non-diabetic controls) from Western India. The enrolled study subjects were investigated for biochemical parameters like FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, FI, HOMA-IR and 25OHD levels in blood.ResultsVitamin D deficiency was seen in 91.4% and 93.0% of T2DM cases and control subjects respectively. There was no association of serum 25OHD deficiency on HbA1c or HOMA-IR in T2DM cases (p = 0.057 & p = 0.257 respectively) and in control subjects (p = 0.675 & p = 0.647 respectively).ConclusionOur findings suggests that though vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in T2DM and non-diabetic subjects, its role in hemoglobin glycation and insulin resistance could not be established.

Serum Vitamin D Level in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects: Relation to Glycemic Control, Insulin Resistance and Proinflammatory Markers

“…In contrast, other studies, did not trace any difference in 25(OH)D between subjects with diabetes comparing to normal population. (32)(33)(34) Since the current study was conducted in Egypt, an area that receives adequate sunlight throughout the year, The high occurrence of vitamin D deficiency among participants encountered herein could be considered unexpected, and may be attributed to inadequate vitamin D intake which is prevalent around the world, regardless of the age or health status. Significantly lower levels of 25(OH) vitamin D3 in females than in males in diabetic subjects was found in this study.…”

Vitamin D ratio and glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

“…The studies originated from 4 different continents. Of these, 11 studies were conducted in Asia, 6 studies were conducted in Europe, 1 study was conducted in North America, and 1 study was conducted in Oceania …”

“…On the basis of data from observational studies (Table ), vitamin D deficiency was reported in healthy individuals and in individuals with T2DM . Vitamin D is correlated with markers of glucose metabolism in which higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations reflect lower levels of glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), and particularly %HbA1c .…”

“…Studies indicate that the circulating concentration of vitamin D is inversely related to markers of glycaemic metabolism such as fasting glucose and percentage of glycated haemoglobin (%HbA1c) and directly related to insulin sensitivity . Since insufficient vitamin D status may lead to poor glycaemic control, supplementation of this vitamin could be used as an adjunctive treatment for T2DM …”

Association between serum 25(OH)D3 and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in people with Type 2 diabetes: a community‐based cohort study

“…There is increasing evidence that vitamin D may have extraskeletal effects, in addition to protecting against rickets and osteoporosis-related disorders, because vitamin D receptors are present in several different organs and tissues [1]. Several studies have shown an association between low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and increased blood glucose, insulin resistance and incidence of Type 2 diabetes [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], whereas other studies have not [10][11][12][13]. Since the hypothesis that vitamin D may protect against cardiovascular disease was presented in 1981 [14], metaanalyses of cohort studies of general populations (containing people with and without diabetes) have shown that low baseline blood 25(OH)D predicts cardiovascular disease [15] and all-cause mortality [16,17].…”