Crystalline films
of pentacene molecules, two to four monolayers
in thickness, are grown via in situ sublimation on silicon substrates
in the ultrahigh vacuum chamber of a low-energy electron microscope.
It is observed that the diffraction pattern of the pentacene layers
fades upon irradiation with low-energy electrons. The damage cross
section is found to increase by more than an order of magnitude for
electron energies from 0 to 10 eV and by another order of magnitude
from 10 to 40 eV. Close to 0 eV, damage is virtually nil. Creation
of chemically reactive atomic centers after electron attachment or
impact ionization is thought to trigger chemical reactions between
neighboring molecules that gradually transform the layer into a disordered
carbon nanomembrane. Additionally, diminishing spectroscopic features
related to the unoccupied band structure of the layers, accompanied
by loss of definition in real-space images, and an increase in the
background intensity of diffraction images during irradiation point
to chemical changes and formation of a disordered layer.