Doses to nuclear technicians in a dedicated PET/CT centre utilising 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)

Seierstad, Therese; Stranden, E.; Bjering, K.; Evensen, Morten Egeberg; Holt, Andrea; Michalsen, H. M.; Wetteland, O.

doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl141

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Medical and supportive staff in the field of nuclear medicine are continuously exposed to ionizing radiation, usually at low doses. The exposure takes place during handling and administration of solutions containing radioisotopes, during monitoring and nursing of patients 20,21) , and during service of devices for scintigraphy and PET/CT 22,23) . Moreover, patients who receive isotopes became a source of radiation for other people including family and hospital staff not directly involved in the therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation on the DNA Damage in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Nuclear Medicine Personnel

Dobrzyńska¹,

Pachocki²,

Gajowik³

et al. 2014

Journal of Occupational Health

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The Effect Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation on the DNA Damage in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Nuclear Medicine Personnel: Małgorzata M. DOBRZYŃSKA, et al. Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene, Poland— Objectives The aim of this study was estimation of DNA strand breaks in leukocytes of peripheral blood of staff in a nuclear medicine department. Methods The exposed group consisted of 46 volunteers and the control group consisted of 40 volunteers. Samples consisting of 1 ml whole blood were collected by venepuncture. DNA damage in leukocytes was detected by alkaline comet assay. Results There was no correlation between the effective dose measured by individual dosimeters and DNA damage and no differences between sexes. The mean level of damage to DNA in people exposed to ionizing radiation was significantly elevated compared with control individuals. The highest value for mean comet tail moment was noted in leukocytes of PET/CT and scintigraphy technicians (1.28 vs. 0.30 for control, p=0.013). The levels of DNA damage in leukocytes of workers in category B (effective dose may exceed 1 mSv/year) were significantly enhanced. The DNA migration of leukocytes in exposed smokers and nonsmokers was similar. In the control group the damage to DNA of leukocytes in smokers was markedly but not significantly higher compared with nonsmokers. Conclusions Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation leads to enhanced levels of reversible DNA damage in leukocytes of nuclear medicine employees. The level of DNA damage depends on the kind of work. Cigarette smoking is related to the increase in DNA damage in unexposed individuals but not in nuclear medicine workers. Radiation seems to be a stronger inducer of DNA damage than smoking. Although most of the DNA damage detected by comet assay is repaired, further improvement of radiation safety should be taken under consideration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation on the DNA Damage in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Nuclear Medicine Personnel

Dobrzyńska¹,

Pachocki²,

Gajowik³

et al. 2014

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…This high energy radiation, together with many variables involved in clinical routine such as the availability of shielding, administered activity and throughput of patients, have posed an impact on radiation protection considerations to the technologists working in PET procedures. This has motivated several studies for better perception of the radiation dose levels received by technologists undertaking imaging with positron-emitter tracers (Wu et al, 2000;Roberts et al, 2005;Schleipman et al, 2006;Seierstad et al, 2007). There are several positron-emitter isotopes employed in PET studies such as Carbon-11, Nitrogen-13, Oxygen-15 and Fluorine-18, which allow many naturally occurring substances to be radiolabelled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose absorbed by technologists in positron emission tomography procedures with FDG

Amaral

Itié

Bok³

2007

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…Patients and nuclear medicine workers are exposed to radiation doses from the tagged compounds administered to a patient for diagnostic purposes. Especially, technologists come into close proximity with radiation sources, receiving radiation doses while performing procedures such as preparing and administering the radioisotope, positioning the patient on the scanner bed, monitoring the patient during data acquisition, removing the patient from the bed, and escorting the patient to the department (1). In Turkey, all workers in nuclear medicine routinely use personal thermoluminescence dosimeters supplied by the Turkish Atomic Energy Authority.…”

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confidence: 99%

Radiation Dose to Technologists per Nuclear Medicine Examination and Estimation of Annual Dose

Bayram¹,

Yilmaz²,

Demır³

et al. 2011

Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology

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Conventional diagnostic nuclear medicine applications have been continuously increasing in most nuclear medicine departments in Turkey, but to our knowledge no one has studied the doses to technologists who perform nuclear medicine procedures. Most nuclear medicine laboratories do not have separate control rooms for technologists, who are quite close to the patient during data acquisition. Technologists must therefore stay behind lead shields while performing their task if they are to reduce the radiation dose received. The aim of this study was to determine external radiation doses to technologists during nuclear medicine procedures with and without a lead shield. Another aim was to investigate the occupational annual external radiation doses to Turkish technologists. Methods: This study used a Geiger-Mü ller detector to measure dose rates to technologists at various distances from patients (0.25, 0.50, 1, and 2 m and behind a lead shield) and determined the average time spent by technologists at these distances. Deep-dose equivalents to technologists were obtained. The following conventional nuclear medicine procedures were considered: thyroid scintigraphy performed using 99m Tc pertechnetate, whole-body bone scanning performed using 99m Tc-methylene diphosphonate, myocardial perfusion scanning performed using 99m Tcmethoxyisobutyl isonitrile, and 201 Tl (thallous chloride) and renal scanning performed using 99m Tc-dimercaptosuccinic acid. Results: The measured deep-dose equivalent to technologists per procedure was within the range of 0.13 6 0.05 to 0.43 6 0.17 mSv using a lead shield and 0.21 6 0.07 to 1.01 6 0.46 mSv without a lead shield. Also, the annual individual dose to a technologist performing only a particular scintigraphic procedure throughout a year was estimated. Conclusion: For a total of 95 clinical cases (71 patients), effective external radiation doses to technologists were found to be within the permissible levels. This study showed that a 2-mm lead shield markedly reduced the external dose to technologists. The doses to technologists varied significantly for different diagnostic applications. Consequently, the estimated annual dose to a technologist performing only a particular scintigraphic procedure is very different from one type of procedure to another. The results of this study should help in determining the rotation time of technologists in different procedures and differences in their individual techniques.

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Doses to nuclear technicians in a dedicated PET/CT centre utilising 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)

Cited by 63 publications

References 4 publications

The Effect Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation on the DNA Damage in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Nuclear Medicine Personnel

The Effect Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation on the DNA Damage in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Nuclear Medicine Personnel

Dose absorbed by technologists in positron emission tomography procedures with FDG

Radiation Dose to Technologists per Nuclear Medicine Examination and Estimation of Annual Dose

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