Dosis Pasien Pada Pemeriksaan Rutin Sinar-X Radiologi Diagnostik

Abstract

ABSTRAKDOSIS PASIEN PADA PEMERIKSAAN RUTIN SINAR-X RADIOLOGI DIAGNOSTIK. Teknik diagnosis untuk melihat kondisi fisik seorang pasien dengan menggunakan pesawat sinar-X merupakan teknik yang paling banyak digunakan di dunia. Berdasarkan Badan PBB untuk Efek Radiasi Atom (UNSCEAR), pajanan radiasi sinar-X pada pemeriksaan rutin radiologi diagnostik memberikan kontribusi terbesar bagi penerimaan dosis radiasi oleh penduduk dunia. Untuk kepentingan keselamatan pasien, Badan Tenaga Atom Internasional (IAEA) telah merekomendasikan penggunaan tingkat acuan diagnostik (DRL) agar dosis radiasi yang diterima pasien tersebut optimum sambil tetap mempertahankan kualitas citra film yang dihasilkan dari aplikasi ini. Dalam kaitan ini telah dilakukan studi tingkat dosis radiasi yang diterima oleh pasien dari aplikasi radiasi di bidang radiologi diagnostik. Hasil studi dibandingkan dengan tingkat acuan diagnostik yang berlaku di Indonesia. Studi dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran dosis permukaan masuk pada 130 orang pasien yang menjalani pemeriksaan thorax (AP/PA), thorax lat, abdomen, kepala AP/PA, kepala Lat, lumbo sacral AP, lumbo sacral Lat, ekstremitas, pelvis AP, cervical AP, cervical Lat, cervical oblique, clavicula dan thoracal lumbal di tiga rumah sakit di kota Makassar, Sukabumi, dan Pontianak. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa data dosis radiasi yang diterima pasien pada pemeriksaan thorax AP/PA, thorax lat, abdomen, kepala AP/PA, kepala lat, lumbosacral AP, lumbosacral lat dan pelvis AP menunjukkan nilai yang tidak melebihi nilai tingkat acuan diagnostik yang berlaku di Indonesia, dan dosis radiasi yang diterima pasien anak lebih rendah daripada dosis pasien dewasa. Perbandingan nilai dosis pasien yang diperoleh pada studi ini dan di Malaysia dengan hasil yang diperoleh dari beberapa negara maju juga memperlihatkan bahwa dosis pasien di negara berkembang relatif tidak berbeda dengan dosis pasien di negara-negara maju tersebut. ABSTRACTDOSES TO PATIENTS IN ROUTINE X-RAY EXAMINATIONS OF DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY. Diagnostic technique to study physical condition of a patient using X-rays is the most common technique used in the world. According to the United Nations Scientific Committee on Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), radiation exposures in routine X-rays examination of diagnostic radiology contribute to the biggest portion of radiation doses received by world’s population. For the purposes of patient safety, diagnostic reference levels have been recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to be used in order to optimize the dose received by patient while maintaining quality of film image produced by these procedures. In this regard study on the determination of the level of radiation doses received by patient, has been carried out. Results of study are compared to the diagnostic reference levels for medical exposures applied in Indonesia. The study was performed by measuring entrance surface doses in 130 patients who underwent the X-ray examinations of thorax AP/PA, thorax lat, abdomen, skull AP/PA, skull Lat, lumbo sacral AP, lumbo sacral Lat, extremities, pelvis AP, cervical AP, cervical Lat, cervical oblique, clavicula and thoracal lumbal in three hospitals in the cities of Makassar, Sukabumi, dan Pontianak. The results show all data of patient doses from examinations of thorax AP/PA, thorax lat, abdomen, skull AP/PA, skull Lat, lumbo sacral AP, lumbo sacral Lat, extremities and pelvis APwere less than the levels applied in Indonesia and doses received by children were less than those by adult patients. Comparison of data obtained in this study and in Malaysia as developing countries with those from advanced countries also showed that they were relatively no difference between the two groups.

Radiology patient dosage monitoring for local diagnostic reference level

“…The results of this study specifically show that the radiation dose received by babies and children is smaller than that received by adult patients. Comparison of patient dose values obtained in this study with results obtained from several other countries also shows that patient doses in Indonesia and Malaysia as developing countries are relatively not different from patient doses in developed countries (Hiswara & Kartikasari, 2015).…”

“…Radiology patient dosage monitoring for local diagnostic reference level. International Research Journal of Engineering,IT & Scientific Research,5(5), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v5n5.785 29 measured at various other referral hospitals in Indonesia (Hiswara & Kartikasari, 2015). The collected data will then be used to determine DRL in various types of diagnostic radiological examinations that are nationally applicable.…”

Kegunaan radiografi panoramik pada masa mixed dentition

“…Radiografi panoramik juga digunakan dalam pengukuran estimasi usia dalam forensik pada anak-anak. 10…”

Socialization of Radiographer Understanding of Diagnostic Reference Level as an Effort to Optimize Radiographic Examination

“…Hasil estimasi dosis radiasi menggunakan metode radiation output dengan menentukan persamaan power function y= 0.0005x Radiation, 2010). Salah satu metode pengukuran ESAK dengan menentukan radiaion output dari pesawat sinar-X (Hiswara & Kartikasari, 2015) (Muhammad, Hidayanto, & Arifin, 2014).…”