Double-pulse technique for optical emission spectroscopy of ablation plasmas of samples in liquids

Nyga, Ralf; Neu, W.

doi:10.1364/ol.18.000747

Cited by 116 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This behavior was reported by Nyga et al [91] during the ablation of samples submerged in water (Fig. 16).…”

Section: Ambientsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Plasma properties have been studied in different gases [81,[85][86][87][88][89], as a function of pressure [85,90], even in liquids [91][92][93]. The ambient gas either helps or prevents the coupling of laser energy into the plasma.…”

Section: Ambientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pulse energy was 10 mJ for all spectra shown. Ref [91] However, minimization of line broadening and quenching was reported by using a double pulse approach. The first pulse creates a gas environment "bubble" above the sample surface.…”

Section: Ambientmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Laser Ablation

Russo

Mao

Yoo

et al. 2007

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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“…This behavior was reported by Nyga et al [91] during the ablation of samples submerged in water (Fig. 16).…”

Section: Ambientsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Ambientmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Laser Ablation

Russo

Mao

Yoo

et al. 2007

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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“…The interactions within the optically dense plasmas generated underwater are far from ideal for spectroscopy (Sakka et al, 2002;Pichahchy et al, 1997). In order to overcome this problem, most studies concerning underwater LIBS have used a double-pulse technique (Nyga and Neu, 1993;De Giacomo et al, 2005;Lazic et al, 2005Lazic et al, , 2007, where a first pulse is used to create a cavity into which a second pulse is delivered, allowing mechanisms similar to LIBS in a gas to take place. However, several studies have reported that this method is sensitive to external pressure, with pressures of just a few MPa, corresponding to depths of a few hundreds of meters, having a significant detrimental effect on the analytical value of the signals obtained Michel and Chave, 2008b;De Giacomo et al, 2011;Takahashi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Underwater Libs At High Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

Thornton

Takahashi

Sato

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

163

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a b s t r a c tSpectroscopy is emerging as a technique that can expand the envelope of modern oceanographic sensors. The selectivity of spectroscopic techniques enables a single instrument to measure multiple components of the marine environment and can form the basis for versatile tools to perform in situ geochemical analysis. We have developed a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer (ChemiCam) and successfully deployed the instrument from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to perform in situ multi-element analysis of both seawater and mineral deposits at depths of over 1000 m. The instrument consists of a long-nanosecond duration pulse-laser, a spectrometer and a high-speed camera. Power supply, instrument control and signal telemetry are provided through a ROV tether. The instrument has two modes of operation. In the first mode, the laser is focused directly into seawater and spectroscopic measurements of seawater composition are performed. In the second mode, a fiberoptic cable assembly is used to make spectroscopic measurements of mineral deposits. In this mode the laser is fired through a 4 m long fiber-optic cable and is focused onto the target's surface using an optical head and a linear stage that can be held by a ROV manipulator. In this paper, we describe the instrument and the methods developed to process its measurements. Exemplary measurements of both seawater and mineral deposits made during deployments of the device at an active hydrothermal vent field in the Okinawa trough are presented. Through integration with platforms such as underwater vehicles, drilling systems and subsea observatories, it is hoped that this technology can contribute to more efficient scientific surveys of the deep-sea environment.

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“…Since then a more thorough understanding of the atomic processes occurring in laser produced plasmas together with technical improvements in spectroscopic instrumentation has allowed considerable improvement in the performance of LIBS systems [2,3]. LIBS is made possible because of the high power densities, in excess of 10 W cm\, that may be produced by a focused laser beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote in situ analytical spectroscopy and its applications in the nuclear industry

Davies

Telle

Williams

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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An experimental system based on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has been used to analyze various ferrous samples. A fibre optic system has been used to transmit the incident laser pulse which produces the plasma plume at the surface of the analyte and to transmit back to a spectrometer the optical radiation emitted by the plasma. The measuring system may therefore be placed remote from the analyte which may be situated in a hostile environment such as an operating nuclear reactor. Results show that the system is capable of detecting chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, silicon and vanadium at concentrations smaller than 5x10(-4) g/g

show abstract

Double-pulse technique for optical emission spectroscopy of ablation plasmas of samples in liquids

Cited by 116 publications

References 9 publications

Laser Ablation

Laser Ablation

Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

Remote in situ analytical spectroscopy and its applications in the nuclear industry

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