“…Metamaterials are materials that are typically engineered with artificial structures to produce electromagnetic properties that are unusual or difficult to obtain in nature . Metallic metamaterials that feature a multitude of localized and propagating surface plasmon modes have received considerable attention over the past few decades due to their unprecedented ability to concentrate light into subwavelength volumes. , The hot spots of the electromagnetic field generated by metal metamaterials are localized at structure tips, troughs, gaps, and other positions, which have strong electromagnetic field enhancement and nonlinear enhancement ability. , The design of various plasmonic metamaterials has led to a series of revolutionary breakthroughs in different fields, such as label-free biosensing, refractive index sensing, − surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), , perfect light absorption, , cloaks, radiative cooling, pinning effects, photocatalysis, , and nanolasers. , However, the high intrinsic absorption, radiation losses, and associated local heating of plasmonic nanostructures severely limit their practical applications in many scenarios. Compared to plasmonic metamaterials, the optical response of high-index dielectric materials exhibits negligible dissipative losses, high heat resistance, and strong electromagnetic multipolar resonances in the operating wavelength. − Electromagnetic fields can be localized inside the dielectric, which strongly enhances the interaction between light and matter .…”