Drive for thinness and pursuit of muscularity: the role of gender ideologies

Magallares, Alejandro

doi:10.11144/javeriana.upsy15-2.dtpm

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This observed trend may elucidate our study's findings regarding the lower prevalence of ED risk factors among men with greater nutritional knowledge, potentially associated with a preference for a muscular physique over a slender one [36]. Additionally, experts assert that dieting and the pursuit of thinness are more prevalent among females than males [37]. Furthermore, although more men are overweight, a greater number of women report dissatisfaction with their weight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

How Dietary Choices and Nutritional Knowledge Relate to Eating Disorders and Body Esteem of Medical Students? A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Kosendiak,

Adamczak,

Kuźnik

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Eating disorders and body image concerns are increasingly prevalent issues among young individuals, with medical students being particularly vulnerable due to heightened stress levels. This study enrolled 879 medical students to investigate these concerns. The KomPAN questionnaire was utilized to assess dietary habits and knowledge, the Body Esteem Scale (BES) to evaluate body satisfaction, and The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) to identify eating disorders. A higher level of nutritional knowledge was found to be statistically significantly associated with attempts at excessive calorie restriction among women (β = 0.0864) and negatively among men (β = −0.2039). Moreover, it was negatively associated with self-control of food intake only among men (β = −0.2060). Furthermore, a higher BMI was associated with attempts of excessive calorie restriction in both women and men (β = 0.1052 and β = 0.1656, respectively) and negatively with self-control of food intake (β = −0.0813 and β = −0.1453, respectively). A higher BMI was associated with poorer body esteem across all variables in both genders, except for upper body strength among men. Nutritional knowledge did not correspond with any of these variables, while dietary quality was positively associated with physical condition in women and with physical condition, physical attractiveness, and upper body strength in men. Our study findings suggest that dietary interventions could be improved by considering gender-based behavioral differences and focusing on portion control for individuals with a higher BMI. Caution is warranted in extrapolating the results to the general population due to the specific nature of the study population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

How Dietary Choices and Nutritional Knowledge Relate to Eating Disorders and Body Esteem of Medical Students? A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Kosendiak,

Adamczak,

Kuźnik

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…Such gendered and classed doings are also evident in the ‘bodyist’ [ 72 ] equation of beauty, thinness, responsibility and self-worth as respondents seek confirmation of their social, cultural and health-related value (cf. [ 48 ] through their participation in NAKO, performing permissibility as legitimate recipients of medical and social recognition. As the respondent cited above implied, she would not have participated in NAKO had she not conformed to existing norms around body weight and health, illustrating the function of health research as a mediator of social recognition qua health status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating people’s attitudes towards participating in longitudinal health research: an intersectionality-informed perspective

Merz

Jaehn²,

Pischon³

et al. 2023

Int J Equity Health

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Background Increasing evidence suggests that participation proportions in longitudinal health research vary according to sex/gender, age, social class, or migration status. Intersectionality scholarship purports that such social categories cannot be understood in isolation and makes visible the co-dependent nature of the social determinants of health and illness. This paper uses an intersectionality-informed approach in order to expand the understanding of why people participate in health research, and the impact of intersecting social structures and experiences on these attitudes. Methods A sample of 80 respondents who had previously either accepted or declined an invitation to participate in the German National Cohort (NAKO) participated in our interview study. Interviews were semi-structured and contained both narrative elements and more structured probes. Data analysis proceeded in two steps: first, the entire data set was analysed thematically (separately for participants and non-participants); second, key themes were compared across self-reported sex/gender, age group and migration status to identify differences and commonalities. Results Respondents’ attitudes towards study participation can be categorised into four themes: wanting to make a contribution, seeking personalised health information, excitement and feeling chosen, and seeking social recognition. Besides citing logistical challenges, non-participants narrated adverse experiences with or attitudes towards science and the healthcare system that deterred them from participating. A range of social experiences and cultural value systems shaped such attitudes; in particular, this includes the cultural authority of science as an arbiter of social questions, transgressing social categories and experiences of marginalisation. Care responsibilities, predominantly borne by female respondents, also impacted upon the decision to take part in NAKO. Discussion Our findings suggest that for participants, health research constitutes a site of distinction in the sense of making a difference and being distinct or distinguishable, whereas non-participants inhabited an orientation towards science that reflected their subjective marginalisation through science. No clear relationship can thereby be presumed between social location and a particular attitude towards study participation; rather, such attitudes transgress and challenge categorical boundaries. This challenges the understanding of particular populations as more or less disadvantaged, or as more or less inclined to participate in health research.

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“…Even though the prevalence of eating pathologies in men has increased in recent years (Escoto, Camacho, Álvarez, Díaz, & Morales, 2012;Compte et al, 2015;Chávez et al, 2015), they are difficult to address (Murray et al, 2017). Whereas females engage in eating behaviors in the quest for thinness, males are more motivated to gain weight rather than lose it, mainly in the form muscle mass (Magallares, 2016;Strother et al, 2012). Some approaches (Murray et al, 2017;Lavender et al, 2017) therefore argue that different features of ED are related to the DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of disordered eating behaviors and sedentary lifestyle prevention program in male and female Mexican adolescents

2022

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Introduction. Adolescents are the group with the highest risk of developing disordered eating behaviors (DEB). Preventing this problem is of the utmost importance due to the physical and psychological consequences. Objective. To evaluate the effects of a universal prevention program for disordered eating behaviors (DEB), thin ideal internalization (TII), drive for muscularity (DM), and sedentary lifestyle among Mexican adolescents. Method. A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures (pre-test, post-test, six-month, and one-year follow-up) was carried out in a non-probabilistic sample of 523 adolescents (46.7% of females) aged 15-19 years (Mage = 16.07). We worked in two private high schools, one of them was designed as control group (CG), and the other as intervention group (IG). For both, female and male adolescents’, data were collected using the Brief Questionnaire for Disordered Eating Behaviors (BQDEB) and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). To evaluate TII the Attitudes toward Body Figure Questionnaire was applied in females, while in males Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) was used. Results. After one-year, repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed a significant reduction of the mean DEBs scores both in female (p = .01) and male (p = .03) adolescents of the IG with respect to CG. In IG, females decreased significantly the mean TII score as well as the mean DM score in males. Physical Activity increased in IG females from pre-test to posttest; however, the effect was not maintained over time. Discussion and conclusion. These findings have important implications for future interventions with Mexican adolescents. We must take sex differences into account to choose activities and strategies that will enhance the effects of the program.

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Drive for thinness and pursuit of muscularity: the role of gender ideologies

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

How Dietary Choices and Nutritional Knowledge Relate to Eating Disorders and Body Esteem of Medical Students? A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

How Dietary Choices and Nutritional Knowledge Relate to Eating Disorders and Body Esteem of Medical Students? A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Investigating people’s attitudes towards participating in longitudinal health research: an intersectionality-informed perspective

Effects of disordered eating behaviors and sedentary lifestyle prevention program in male and female Mexican adolescents

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