Drought responses of conifers in ecotone forests of northern Arizona: tree ring growth and leaf δ13C

Adams, Henry D.; Kolb, Thomas E.

doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1585-4

Cited by 82 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…However, the similar ranking of species based on p a p c and G s (Table I and Figure 6, respectively) indicate that p a p c is an accurate index of the relative constraints on gas exchange between sites. This result lends support to the general ranking of gas exchange across the elevation transect as juniper < spruce Ä pine, which is contrary to the common notion of increasing gas exchange with increasing elevation that is commonly found by isotope-elevation transect studies in southwestern USA ( Van de Water et al, 2002;Adams and Kolb, 2004). Again, we hypothesize that this ranking is due to relatively positive water balance at the pine site, a hypothesis that may be tested by hydrologists working at these sites.…”

Section: Carbon Isotopessupporting

confidence: 58%

Transpiration and stomatal conductance across a steep climate gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains

2008

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Transpiration (E) is regulated over short time periods by stomatal conductance (G s ) and over multi-year periods by treeand stand-structural factors such as leaf area, height and density, with upper limits ultimately set by climate. We tested the hypothesis that tree structure, stand structure and G s together regulate E per ground area (E g ) within climatic limits using three sites located across a steep climatic gradient: a low-elevation Juniperus woodland, a mid-elevation Pinus forest and a high-elevation Picea forest. We measured leaf area : sapwood area ratio (A l : A s ), height and ecosystem sapwood area : ground area ratio (A s : A g ) to assess long-term structural adjustments, tree-ring carbon isotope ratios (υ 13 C) to assess seasonal gas exchange, and whole-tree E and G s to assess short-term regulation. We used a hydraulic model based on Darcy's law to interpret the interactive regulation of G s and E g . Common allometric dependencies were found only in the relationship of sapwood area to diameter for pine and spruce; there were strong site differences for allometric relationships of sapwood area to basal area, A l : A s and A s : A g . On a sapwood area basis, E decreased with increasing elevation, but this pattern was reversed when E was scaled to the crown using A l : A s . E g was controlled largely by A s : A g , and both E g and G s declined from high-to low-elevation sites. Observation-model comparisons of E g , G s and υ 13 C were strongest using the hydraulic model parameterized with precipitation, vapour pressure deficit, A l : A s , height, and A s : A g , supporting the concept that climate, G s , tree-and stand-structure interact to regulate E g .

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Section: Carbon Isotopessupporting

confidence: 58%

Transpiration and stomatal conductance across a steep climate gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains

2008

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“…In this study, positive genetic association between a number of droughtinducible candidate genes and CID in needles was found. The CID, applied to different plant tissues (generally needles or leaves but also wood), is a timeintegrated estimator of photosynthetic WUE, that is, the ratio between net CO 2 assimilation and stomatal conductance, and has been extensively used to compare response to drought in plants, including forest trees (reviewed in Warren et al, 2001;Dawson et al, 2002;Adams and Kolb, 2004;Monclus et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association genetics in Pinus taeda L. II. Carbon isotope discrimination

et al. 2008

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Dissection of complex traits that influence fitness is not only a central topic in evolutionary research but can also assist breeding practices for economically important plant species, such as loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L). In this study, 46 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 41 disease and abiotic stress-inducible genes were tested for their genetic association with carbon isotope discrimination (CID), a timeintegrated trait measure of stomatal conductance. A familybased approach to detect genotype/phenotype genetic association was developed for the first time in plants by applying the quantitative transmission disequilibrium test on an association population of 961 clones from 61 families (adopted from previous breeding programs) evaluated for phenotypic expression of CID at two sites. Two particularly promising candidates for their genetic effects on CID are: dhn-1, involved in stabilization of cell structures, and lp5-like, a glycine rich protein putatively related to cell wall reinforcement proteins, both of which were shown in previous studies to be water-deficit inducible. Moreover, association in lp5-like involves a nonsynonymous mutation in linkage disequilibrium with two other nonsynonymous polymorphisms that could, by acting together, enhance overall phenotypic effects. This study highlights the complexity of dissecting CID traits and provides insights for designing second-generation association studies based on candidate gene approaches in forest trees.

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“…12E-F for Flagstaff in June 2000 actually was a time of little herbaceous growth. These seasonal variations are confirmed in Adams and Kolb (2004), which documented a severe drought for 2000 based on time series analyses using the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) (Palmer, 1965).…”

Section: Comparison Between Ground-measured and Modis-derived Albedosmentioning

confidence: 81%

The MODIS (Collection V005) BRDF/albedo product: Assessment of spatial representativeness over forested landscapes

Román

Schaaf

Woodcock

et al. 2009

Remote Sensing of Environment

232

161

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A new methodology for establishing the spatial representativeness of tower albedo measurements that are routinely used in validation of satellite retrievals from global land surface albedo and reflectance anisotropy products is presented. This method brings together knowledge of the intrinsic biophysical properties of a measurement site, and the surrounding landscape to produce a number of geostatistical attributes that describe the overall variability, spatial extent, strength of the spatial correlation, and spatial structure of surface albedo patterns at separate seasonal periods throughout the year. Variogram functions extracted from Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) retrievals of surface albedo using multiple spatial and temporal thresholds were used to assess the degree to which a given point (tower) measurement is able to capture the intrinsic variability of the immediate landscape extending to a satellite pixel. A validation scheme was implemented over a wide range of forested landscapes, looking at both deciduous and coniferous sites, from tropical to boreal ecosystems. The experiment focused on comparisons between tower measurements of surface albedo acquired at local solar noon and matching retrievals from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) (Collection V005) Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)/albedo algorithm. Assessments over a select group of field stations with comparable landscape features and daily retrieval scenarios further demonstrate the ability of this technique to identify measurement sites that contain the intrinsic spatial and seasonal features of surface albedo over sufficiently large enough footprints for use in modeling and remote sensing studies. This approach, therefore, improves our understanding of product uncertainty both in terms of the representativeness of the field data and its relationship to the larger satellite pixel.

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Drought responses of conifers in ecotone forests of northern Arizona: tree ring growth and leaf δ13C

Cited by 82 publications

References 68 publications

Transpiration and stomatal conductance across a steep climate gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains

Transpiration and stomatal conductance across a steep climate gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains

Association genetics in Pinus taeda L. II. Carbon isotope discrimination

The MODIS (Collection V005) BRDF/albedo product: Assessment of spatial representativeness over forested landscapes

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